Approaches to Manual VentilationDiscussion

Abstract

Manual ventilation is a basic skill that involves airway assessment, maneuvers to open the airway, and application of simple and complex airway support devices and effective positive-pressure ventilation using a bag and mask. An important part of manual ventilation is recognizing its success and when it is difficult or impossible and a higher level of support is necessary to sustain life. Careful airway assessment will help clinicians identify what and when the next step needs to be taken. Often simple airway maneuvers such as the head tilt/chin lift and jaw thrust can achieve a patent airway. Appropriate use of airway adjuncts can further aid the clinician in situations in which airway maneuvers may not be sufficient. Bag-mask ventilation (BMV) plays a vital role in effective manual ventilation, improving both oxygenation and ventilation as well as buying time while preparations are made for endotracheal intubation. There are, however, situations in which BMV may be difficult or impossible. Anticipation and early recognition of these situations allows clinicians to quickly make adjustments to the method of BMV or to employ a more advanced intervention to avoid delays in establishing adequate oxygenation and ventilation.

Asma E a Técnica Inalatória Do Inalador Pressurizado Dosimetrado Acoplado Ao Espaçador: Revisão Integrativa

“…A necessidade de inclinar o queixo (passo 6) deve-se à promoção da abertura das vias aéreas. Pode ser associado à manobra de impulso da mandíbula-elevação do queixoinclinação da cabeça, de suporte respiratório para desobstrução das vias aéreas que proporcionam o deslocamento da língua da faringe posterior (28)(29) .…”

“…Diante disso, expirar o ar até esvaziar os pulmões (passo 7) e a posterior inalação da medicação indicada mantida até o enchimento dos pulmões (passo 11), objetivam disponibilizar o máximo de espaço volumétrico das vias aéreas para a medicação inalada (29)(30) .…”

Single-Use Bag Valve Masks: Evaluation of Device Design and Residual Bioburden Analytical Methods

“…BVM designs have basic common features, including a soft polymer mask to conform to the patient’s face, a deformable ventilation bag, a non-rebreathing valve connecting the mask to one end of the bag, and an air intake valve at the opposite end of the bag. Worldwide, self-inflating BVM are the most common manual ventilation device used in neonatal and adult intensive care units [ 15 , 18 , 26 ]. As described by Davies, et al [ 15 ], self-inflating BVM are portable and versatile due to their ability to fill with ambient room air or with gas supplied from an external oxygen tank.…”

“…Worldwide, self-inflating BVM are the most common manual ventilation device used in neonatal and adult intensive care units [ 15 , 18 , 26 ]. As described by Davies, et al [ 15 ], self-inflating BVM are portable and versatile due to their ability to fill with ambient room air or with gas supplied from an external oxygen tank. When the ventilation bag on a self-inflating BVM is compressed, the non-rebreathing valve directs gas from the bag to the patient.…”

“…The current investigation was motivated by a recent survey of in-hospital reprocessing in Tanzanian hospitals that identified bag-valve masks (BVM) as a commonly reused SUD [ 10 ]. BVM are medical devices commonly used in intensive care units and other key hospital departments to treat patients requiring ventilation during manual resuscitation [ 14 , 15 ]. BVM are considered an essential piece of equipment for newborn resuscitation [ 16 – 18 ], as failure to establish breathing accounts for 19% of neonatal deaths and the 3% - 6% of babies born requiring basic resuscitation using a BVM [ 19 – 21 ].…”