Approaches to modeling coupled thermal, hydrological, and chemical processes in the drift scale heater test at Yucca Mountain

Mineralization of carbon dioxide sequestered in volcanogenic sandstone reservoir rocks

“…Multiple kinetic precipitation mechanisms can be specified in an input file of the TOUGHREACT program, should such information become available. Mineral reactive surface areas (RSA) are based on the work of Sonnenthal et al (2005), and are calculated assuming a cubic array of truncated spheres constituting the rock framework. In conformity to White and Peterson (1990) and Zerai et al (2006), a surface roughness factor of 10 is incorporated and defined as the ratio of true surface area to equivalent geometric surface area.…”

Modeling Studies on the Transport of Benzene and H2S in CO2-Water Systems

“…TOUGHREACT can be applied to many geologic systems and environmental problems, including subsurface storage of nuclear waste and CO 2 , geothermal systems, diagenetic and weathering processes, acid mine drainage remediation, contaminant transport, and groundwater quality. The methods and approaches used in TOUGHREACT have been extensively published over the last decade (Spycher et al, 2003;Sonnenthal et al, 2005;Xu et al, 2006 andXu and Pruess, 2008;). …”

“…Kinetic rate parameters for most rock-forming minerals were taken from Palandri and Kharaka (2004), which are based mainly on experimental studies conducted under far-from-equilibrium conditions. The mineral reactive-surface areas were taken from Xu et al (2007;, based on the work of Sonnenthal et al (2005). A thorough review and discussion of the kinetic rates for arsenian pyrite, pyrite, and galena was given in Zheng et al (2009).…”

Modeling Coupled Processes in Clay Formations for Radioactive Waste Disposal

“…The kinetic rate for the mineral considered in current model is given in Table 4-5. Note that the surface areas listed in Table 4-5 are calculated for tuff (Sonnenthal et al, 2005). Their applicability to the clay formation considered are questionable.…”