Aquatic animal carotenoids

Matsuno, Takao

doi:10.1046/j.1444-2906.2001.00323.x

Cited by 314 publications

(266 citation statements)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

254

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Tunaxanthin (a carotenoid) and drosopterin (a pteridine) are the main pigments in the xanthophores of guppies ; astaxanthin is a common ketocarotenoid found, for example, in crustaceans and salmonid fish (Matsuno, 2001). To human eyes, tunaxanthin is yellow, astaxanthin is orange-red, and drosopterin is red.…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual colour patches as multicomponent signals

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Colour patches are complex traits, the components of which may evolve independently through a variety of mechanisms. Although usually treated as simple, two-dimensional characters and classified as either structural or pigmentary, in reality colour patches are complicated, three-dimensional structures that often contain multiple pigment types and structural features. The basic dermal chromatophore unit of fishes, reptiles and amphibians consists of three contiguous cell layers. Xanthophores and erythrophores in the outermost layer contain carotenoid and pteridine pigments that absorb short-wave light ; iridophores in the middle layer contain crystalline platelets that reflect light back through the xanthophores ; and melanophores in the basal layer contain melanins that absorb light across the spectrum. Changes in any one component of a chromatophore unit can drastically alter the reflectance spectrum produced, and for any given adaptive outcome (e.g. an increase in visibility), there may be multiple biochemical or cellular routes that evolution could take, allowing for divergent responses by different populations or species to similar selection regimes. All of the mechanisms of signal evolution that previously have been applied to single ornaments (including whole colour patches) could potentially be applied to the individual components of colour patches. To reach a complete understanding of colour patch evolution, however, it may be necessary to take an explicitly multi-trait approach. Here, we review multiple trait evolution theory and the basic mechanisms of colour production in fishes, reptiles and amphibians, and use a combination of computer simulations and empirical examples to show how multiple trait evolution theory can be applied to the components of single colour patches. This integrative perspective on animal colouration opens up a host of new questions and hypotheses. We offer specific, testable functional hypotheses for the most common pigmentary (carotenoid, pteridine and melanin) and structural components of vertebrate colour patches.

show abstract

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual colour patches as multicomponent signals

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The main ketocarotenoid in the ZWRI tomato preparation is phoenicoxanthin. Although not abundant in nature, it can be found in mollusks, crustaceans (28), green alga [such as Haematococcus pluvalis (29) and Chlorococcum (30)], and Adonis flowers (31). The synthetic astaxanthin preparations used contain unidentified reaction contaminants and a mixture of stereoisomers, whereas the biosynthetically derived phoenicoxanthin used in the present study was exclusively present in its biologically active S configuration (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Engineering of tomato for the sustainable production of ketocarotenoids and its evaluation in aquaculture feed

Nogueira

Enfissi

Valenzuela

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ketocarotenoids are high-value pigments used commercially across multiple industrial sectors as colorants and supplements. Chemical synthesis using petrochemical-derived precursors remains the production method of choice. Aquaculture is an example where ketocarotenoid supplementation of feed is necessary to achieve product viability. The biosynthesis of ketocarotenoids, such as canthaxanthin, phoenicoxanthin, or astaxanthin in plants is rare. In the present study, complex engineering of the carotenoid pathway has been performed to produce high-value ketocarotenoids in tomato fruit (3.0 mg/g dry weight). The strategy adopted involved pathway extension beyond β-carotene through the expression of the β-carotene hydroxylase (CrtZ) and oxyxgenase (CrtW) from Brevundimonas sp. in tomato fruit, followed by β-carotene enhancement through the introgression of a lycopene β-cyclase (β-Cyc) allele from a Solanum galapagense background. Detailed biochemical analysis, carried out using chromatographic, UV/VIS, and MS approaches, identified the predominant carotenoid as fatty acid (C14:0 and C16:0) esters of phoenicoxanthin, present in the S stereoisomer configuration. Under a field-like environment with low resource input, scalability was shown with the potential to deliver 23 kg of ketocarotenoid/hectare. To illustrate the potential of this "generally recognized as safe" material with minimal, low-energy bioprocessing, two independent aquaculture trials were performed. The plant-based feeds developed were more efficient than the synthetic feed to color trout flesh (up to twofold increase in the retention of the main ketocarotenoids in the fish fillets). This achievement has the potential to create a new paradigm in the renewable production of economically competitive feed additives for the aquaculture industry and beyond.carotenoids | genetic intervention | tomato | aquaculture | industrial biotechnology

show abstract

“…Fish and other vertebrates cannot synthesize carotenoids, but they have the ability to change colour under given circumstances (Matsuno 2001). The results of the colour enhancement study suggested that the fishes reared under low level were brighter in colour than other light levels and control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Untitled

Rajeswari¹,

Rajasree²,

Balasubramanian³

2017

Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the present study, effect of various levels light on growth performances and skin colour enhancement of marine smoke angelfish Apolemichthys xanthurus was investigated. The fishes were reared in tanks with three different levels (250 -500, 750 -1000, and 1500 -2000 lux) and control (without additional light) for 120 days and the growth, survival and carotenoid content were investigated. The results of the growth performances studies suggested that the fishes reared under low light level (250-500 lux) exhibited higher weight gain (73.90±0.06), specific growth rate (0.616±0.01), and survival rate (90%) and feed conversion ratio (1.00±0.01). The colour enhancement studies suggested that the carotenoid content of the fishes reared under low, medium, high and control was about 6.84±0.03, 6.19±0.04, 5.48±0.06 and 3.57±0.04 mg g -1 respectively. Thus, the result obtained from the present study indicates that the low light level (250-500 lux) was more suitable for better growth and skin colour enhancement of Apolemichthys xanthurus which could be recommended for the successive production of this high priced species.

show abstract

Aquatic animal carotenoids

Cited by 314 publications

References 68 publications

Individual colour patches as multicomponent signals

Individual colour patches as multicomponent signals

Engineering of tomato for the sustainable production of ketocarotenoids and its evaluation in aquaculture feed

Untitled

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About