Archaeometry of ceramic materials

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Ceramics are among the most studied findings, one of the best markers for providing technological and functional information in archaeological contexts. Their chemical-mineralogical characterization allows to answer a large number of historical-archaeological questions about classification, provenance, production technologies, trade routes, economic exchange, etc. The best methodological approach not only integrates morphological-stylistic studies to the archaeometric ones, but also includes a synergic instrumental strategy aimed both to take advantage of each different analytical technique to the best of its potentiality and to over step the problems connected to the preciousness and uniqueness of the objects. As far as the mineralogical and petrographical composition of preindustrial ceramics is concerned, its determination is crucial to answer provenance and technological issues like raw materials procurement and the production processes in this respect, equivalent firing temperature, redox atmosphere during firing are important factors that help in understanding the relevant mineralogical and micro-structural transformations. In this paper, we illustrate how an integrated approach of analytical techniques, tested on different classes of ceramics – pottery with spathic calcite, Apulian red figure pottery and technical ceramics – can provide answers to archaeological questions.</jats:p>

Electrochemical methods to discriminate technology and provenance of Apulian red‐figured pottery. II: EIS

“…Although different pairs of impedance parameters provide site-characteristic grouping of data points, relatively large dispersion was obtained. This can be seen in Figure S1 of Supplementary information for the discrimination between the Egnatia samples obtained by voltammetry (Doménech-Carb o et al, submitted, Part I of this work) attributed to the Attic mode of manufacturing and those fabricated in Apulian technologies (Eramo & Mangone, 2019;Forleo et al, 2022;Giannossa et al, 2017Giannossa et al, , 2021Mangone et al, 2008Mangone et al, , 2013. The most significant discrimination results were obtained from plots of R 1 versus C 1 illustrated in Figure 4a of R 1 range between 10 and 100 Ω, whereas the capacitance values associated to Q 1 values range between 0.1 and 0.8 μF.…”

“…Research on Apulian red-figured pottery fabricated within fifth and fourth centuries BCE has to face the problem of the discrimination between the productions in Attic mode and those made using local Apulian procedures (Eramo & Mangone, 2019;Fontannaz, 2005;Forleo et al, 2022;Giannossa et al, 2017Giannossa et al, , 2019Giannossa et al, , 2020Giannossa et al, , 2021Ingo et al, 2000;Lühl et al, 2014;Mangone et al, 2008Mangone et al, , 2013Mangone, Giannossa, Colafemmina et al, 2009;Maniatis et al, 1993;Mirti et al, 2004Mirti et al, , 2006Robinson, 2014;Tang et al, 2001;Thorn, 2009;Thorn & Glascock, 2010;Tite et al, 1982;Walton et al, 2013).…”

Glazed sgraffito ware from Torre Alemanna (Foggia, fifteenth to sixteenth century A.D.): technological aspects of a local production

“…Primary (prefiring) and secondary (firing-induced) porosities were recognised under the POM. Following Eramo and Mangone (2019) and Eramo (2020), several aspects were recognised: birefringence, oxidation patterns, compositional features and clay pellets presence for the matrix; NPIs features in terms of nature, volume percentage and grain-size distribution for the ceramic body and the engobe; and vesiculation, presence of relic phases and alteration for the glaze. Coatings and encrustations were mechanically removed from the analysed portions.…”

Mathematical Description of Nano Indentation Unloading Curve of Ceramic Materials and Test Method of Film Thickness

“…On the micro nano scale, the overall macro characteristics of the composite are determined by the thermodynamic characteristics of the reinforced fiber / ceramic matrix interface according to the in-situ dynamic characteristics of each phase [13][14]. Therefore, when studying the processing methods, thermoforming technology and process application of composites, the in-situ dynamic characteristics of each phase and the dynamic characteristics of the interface formed with the reinforced fiber / ceramic matrix will become the most important.…”