Arcing Fault Currents in Low-Voltage A-C Circuits

Wagner, C. F.; Fountain, L. L.

doi:10.1109/t-aiee.1948.5059656

Cited by 24 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Past work by others has asserted that single-phase arc events below a certain voltage will self-extinguish in onehalf cycle to two cycles [18], [20]. The data presented here found 240 V arc durations varied between 6 ms and 34 ms with 60% lasting more than one cycle.…”

Section: Arc Duration and Incident Energy Values From Tablesupporting

confidence: 46%

Investigation of Arc Flash in Single-Phase Vertical Conductors in a Box

Wade

Brazis

Lambrecht

2021

IEEE Open J. Ind. Applicat.

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NFPA 70E and IEEE 1584 are defining standards for arc flash hazard analysis. Both assume three-phase faults for calculations since three-phase power distribution is predominant in utility and industrial applications; however, arc flash in single-phase systems is excluded. Single-phase faults to neutral or ground or single phase-to-phase faults can occur in a variety of circumstances. Such events may have the potential to produce arc flash and blast that would pose a significant safety concern.This paper describes a recent doctoral research investigation of arc flash in one single-phase configuration. Experiments were sponsored by UL and performed at the Schneider Electric High-Power Laboratory in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. This facility provided a test article; a full suite of voltage, current, and temperature instrumentation; and high-speed video recording.Experimental work revealed incident energy values less than 0.2 cal/cm 2 for 240-volt single-phase arc fault events though there was still significant flash and splatter of molten wire residue. 480 V single-phase events produced an order of magnitude greater heat energy, and at 22 kA sustained arcing until interrupted by the test cell controller.Results suggest that 240 V single-phase panels and equipment common in residential and light commercial applications may be at very low risk of yielding arc flash burn-related injuries. However, 480 V single-phase faults can produce levels of incident heat energy known to cause burns, flash, and blast pressure at available fault currents between 10 and 22 kA.

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Section: Arc Duration and Incident Energy Values From Tablesupporting

confidence: 46%