Are pharmaceuticals potent environmental pollutants?

Carlsson, Carina; Johansson, Anna-Karin; Alván, Gunnar; Bergman, Kerstin; Kühler, Thomas C.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.06.035

Cited by 365 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…polykrikoides blooms have caused heavy damage to fish farms in the Republic of Korea, Japan, and other countries [36][37][38]. The use of non-specific chemical algicides has been reported to have a number of drawbacks, including broad-spectrum toxicity towards phytoplankton [23][24][25][26][39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thiazolidinediones as a Novel Class of Algicides Against Red Tide Harmful Algal Species

Kim

Duong

et al. 2010

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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This paper reports the synthesis of 28 thiazolidinedione derivatives along with their algicidal activity against microalgae causing harmful algal blooming. Among the 28 compounds tested, most showed effective algicidal activity against Heterosigma akashiwo, Chattonella marina, and Cochlodinium polykrikoides, while non-harmful algae were relatively tolerant to these thiazolidinedione derivatives. Compounds 6, 13, and 22 were the most potent against C. polykrikoides with IC₅₀ values <0.5 µM. Among the thiazolidinedione derivatives tested, compounds 7, 13, 27, and 28 were extremely competent and selective to C. polykrikoides with IC₅₀ values ranging from 0.1 to 2 µM, while C. marina and H. akashiwo showed an IC₅₀ value ranging from 30 to 130 µM. These results show that some thiazolidinedione derivatives can act as potent algicides against harmful algal blooms.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thiazolidinediones as a Novel Class of Algicides Against Red Tide Harmful Algal Species

Kim

Duong

et al. 2010

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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“…A lethal concentration of 489 ± 50 µg/l (LC 50 /96h) and an effect concentration of 90 ± 20 µg/l (EC 50 /96 h) was found (Dietrich et al, 1999;Schwaiger et al, 2004). An acute toxicity of ibuprofen for algae EC 50 /96 h 7100 µg/l was reported by HallingSørensen and Carina Carlsson and reported for Lepomis macrochirus (bluegill) a LC 50 of 173 mg/l (Carlsson et al, 2006;Halling-Sørensen et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…An important issue is that the Baltic Sea is an important source of food for Nordic countries, and the bioaccumulation of diclofenac and ibuprofen is known. Therefore, it is important to analyse the fate of different pharmaceuticals in the environment (Carlsson et al, 2006;Borecka et al, 2015;Moreno-González et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling diclofenac and ibuprofen residues in major Estonian seaside cities

Lember

Pachel

Loigu

2016

Journal of Water Security

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Abstract. A theoretical model was developed to model the fate of two common pharmaceutical residues: diclofenac and ibuprofen in eight Estonian seaside cities that discharge their wastewaters directly into the Baltic Sea. The consumption rates of the active ingredients of diclofenac and ibuprofen from 2006-2014 were analysed. A decrease of 19.9% for diclofenac consumption and an increase of 14.1% for ibuprofen were found. The fate of diclofenac and ibuprofen were modelled by considering the human metabolism removal rate for pharmaceuticals, the removal rate of diclofenac and ibuprofen in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) and annual flow rates. An average decrease from 1 to 0.8 µg/l (decrease of 20%) for diclofenac and an increase from 11.4 to 13.4 µg/l (increase of 14.9%) for ibuprofen for the concentration in the effluents of the WWTP were modelled. The model gives us a good overview about the theoretical concentrations of pharmaceutical residues in the environment and is helpful for evaluating environmental impacts.

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“…About 26 metric tons of pharmaceutical waste is disposed annually down the drain, and another 26 tons are disposed annually with municipal solid waste in landfills in North America alone [15]. North American [16], Canadian [17], Japanese [18], Korean [19], and across the Europe, waterways [20] contain traces (in nanograms/L to micrograms/L) of antibiotics, painkillers, hormones, tranquilizers, anti-inflammatory, chemotherapeutic, antiepileptic and hypolipidemic drugs [3,7,9,21,22].…”

Section: International Letters Of Chemistry Physics and Astronomymentioning

confidence: 99%