AREAL test facility for advanced accelerator and radiation source concepts

Low-Energy Laser-Driven Ultrashort Pulsed Electron Beam Irradiation-Induced Immune Response in Rats

“…To extract the electron beam from the accelerator, a 20 µm thick titanium window was mounted at the end of the experimental beamline. The characteristics of the AREAL accelerator, as well as the description of the dose calibration measurements and uniformity quality assurance, have previously been described [22,24,47,63]. The facility provides stable operation using an electron beam with well-formed and reproducible characterizing parameters.…”

“…The investigations on the biological effect/effectiveness of conventional, not laserdriven, accelerators have been conducted for several decades [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. However, since ultrashort pulsed laser-driven electron accelerators are relatively new, data about their radiobiological effect is very limited in the literature, and the existing studies are mostly related to in vitro studies [19][20][21][22][23][24]. Thus, laser-driven UPEB irradiation has been shown to induce molecular-cytogenetically visible copy number variations (CNVs) [19], increase micronucleus frequency, and shorten telomere length in healthy human peripheral blood lymphocytes [18,25].…”

The Effect of Low-Energy Laser-Driven Ultrashort Pulsed Electron Beam Irradiation on Erythropoiesis and Oxidative Stress in Rats

“…As an irradiation source, the laser-driven UPEB from the Advanced Research Electron Accelerator Laboratory (AREAL) facility was used, as developed at the Center for the Advancement of Natural Discoveries using Light Emission (CANDLE) Synchrotron Research Institute, Yerevan, Armenia. The details and procedure for the radiation treatment, the characteristics of the AREAL accelerator, the dose calibration measurements, and the uniformity quality assurance have been described previously [ 1 , 2 , 32 , 35 , 42 , 66 ].…”

“…With the recent advances in accelerator technologies, new types of electron beam linear accelerators were developed based on ultrashort pulsed laser technologies, an emerging new direction in radiation biology and radiobiomedicine. Such unique laser-driven ultrashort pulsed electron beams (UPEBs) are capable of providing ultrashort picosecond pulses reaching repetition rates as low as just several Hertz and high doses as much as several orders of magnitude higher (10 11 Gy/min) than conventional beams [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”

“…Although the unique features of laser-driven UPEB provide promising prospects for the possible mitigation of the harmful effects of radiation, investigations into the effect of this new type of irradiation are only at the initial stage, and there are very limited data about their radiobiological effect [ 1 , 2 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Particularly, there are no systematic data for the processes of damage and restoration of bone marrow hematopoiesis during laser-driven UPEB irradiation.…”