Arginine metabolism in mammals

Cynober, Luc; Boucher, J. Le; Vasson, Marie‐Paule

doi:10.1016/0955-2863(95)00066-9

Cited by 158 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…THE AMINO ACID ARGININE HAS an important role in cellular regeneration, immune function, and protein breakdown and synthesis (7,39). Arginine also is the precursor of urea, agmatine, and nitric oxide (NO).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge, it was shown for the first time that renal protein synthesis is enhanced in the early response to endotoxemia. citrulline; kidney; lipopolysaccharide; nitric oxide THE AMINO ACID ARGININE HAS an important role in cellular regeneration, immune function, and protein breakdown and synthesis (7,39). Arginine also is the precursor of urea, agmatine, and nitric oxide (NO).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Renal arginine and protein synthesis are increased during early endotoxemia in mice

Hallemeesch

Soeters

Deutz

2002

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

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Hallemeesch, Marcella M., Peter B. Soeters, and Nicolaas E. P. Deutz. Renal arginine and protein synthesis are increased during early endotoxemia in mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 282: F316-F323, 2002. First published August 21, 2001 10.1152/ajprenal.00039.2001The kidney has an important function in arginine metabolism, because the kidney is the main endogenous source for de novo arginine production from circulating citrulline. In conditions such as sepsis, nitric oxide (NO) production is increased and is dependent on extracellular arginine availability. To elucidate the adaptive role of renal de novo arginine synthesis in a condition of increased NO production, we studied renal arginine metabolism in a mouse model of endotoxemia. Because arginine flux is largely dependent on protein flux, we also measured protein metabolism in mice. Female mice were injected intraperitoneally with lipopolysaccharide; control mice received 0.9% NaCl. Six hours later, renal blood flow was measured with the use of para-aminohippuric acid. Arginine and protein metabolism were studied using organbalance, stable-isotope techniques. Systemic NO production was increased in the endotoxin-treated mice. In addition, renal protein synthesis and de novo arginine production from citrulline were increased. However, no effect on renal NO production was observed. In conclusion, increased renal de novo arginine production may serve to sustain systemic NO production. To our knowledge, it was shown for the first time that renal protein synthesis is enhanced in the early response to endotoxemia. citrulline; kidney; lipopolysaccharide; nitric oxide THE AMINO ACID ARGININE HAS an important role in cellular regeneration, immune function, and protein breakdown and synthesis (7,39). Arginine also is the precursor of urea, agmatine, and nitric oxide (NO). In past years, many studies have been undertaken that aimed at increasing or decreasing NO production, either by supplementation of arginine or NO donors (6,25,26) or by the administration of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors or arginase (5, 15,33). In general, the effects of these treatments were conflicting and confusing. More detailed information on local arginine metabolism and NO production may be helpful for an understanding of the effects of arginine supplementation or NOS inhibition.The kidney has an important function in arginine metabolism, because the kidney is the main endogenous source for de novo arginine production (37). Arginine production involves collaboration between the gut and the kidney. Citrulline is produced from glutamine and arginine in the gut and then released into the circulation. The liver does not consume citrulline, which leaves it available for the kidney. In the kidney, citrulline is used for the production of arginine, which, in turn, is released into the circulation (37). The importance of this pathway is illustrated by the fact that arginine becomes an essential amino acid when intestinal citrulline synthesis is inhibited (34).During sepsis and experimental ...

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confidence: 99%

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Renal arginine and protein synthesis are increased during early endotoxemia in mice

Hallemeesch

Soeters

Deutz

2002

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

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“…Given the multiple functions of arginine 1,2,21 and the fact that a number of therapeutic approaches have been based on alterations in arginine availability, 6,7 it is of importance to investigate the longer-term homeostatic mechanisms elicited in response to a prolonged period of dietary deprivation of arginine and of its major immediate precursors. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Arginine also plays a role in the nutritional rescue of reduced gene expression 3 and in the translation control of inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) mRNA. 4 An arginine deficiency impairs B cell maturation, 5 and supplementation or restriction of arginine intake have been advocated as therapeutic modalities for different pathophysiologic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation to a long term (4weeks) arginine- and precursor (glutamate, proline and aspartate)-free diet

Tharakan

Zurakowski

et al. 2008

Clinical Nutrition

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“…In the mammalian liver cells, the guanidino group is split off from arginine, as urea and amino acids normally play a minor role in energy production. But arginine plays a key role in various physiological processes (38). In Tetrahymena pyriformis, however, the two-step hydrolytic cleavage results in ammonia formation and provides energy (14,39 There is also a tyrosine aminotransferase (41) whose activity seems to increase under the influence of toluene owing to the more greatly enriched tyrosine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

15 N Investigation into the Effect of a Pollutant on the Nitrogen Metabolism of Tetrahymena pyriformis as a Model for Environmental Medical Research

Arndt¹,

Hofmann²,

Gehre³

et al. 1998

Environmental Health Perspectives

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A pilot study was perfonned to examine the potential of stable isotope tiques for monitoring the impact of a harmfil substance on the cellular nitrogen metabolism in the ciliate species Tenra/mnayfornnis. After identical cultivation periods ofcontrol cals and toluene-exposed cells in a defined culture medium enriched with (guanidino5N2]L-argnine, a number of nitrogen-contaning pools were analyzech 1) quantity and 15N abundance of ammonia as the end product of nitrogen metabolism in the sytem; 2) pattem and 15N abundances of the protein-bound amino acids in thecells; 3) patten and 15N abundancesoffreeamino acids inthe clls; and 4) pattern and 15N abundances of the amino acids in the culture medium. In addition to 15N emission spectometry, a new gas chromatogrhybcombuston interace-iotope ratio mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry an cal stem was used. The production and 15N content of ammonia were higher in the toluene-exposed sysem by 30% and 43%, respectily, indig higher demination rates and greater argnie consumptont The toluene-exposed cells exhibited increased 15N abundances ofprotein-bound amino acids in alanine, aspartic acid, gluhtmic acid, and tyrosine. Furthermore, strctural anals revealed the presence of N0-acelarginine and pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid-compounds dtat had not previously been detcted in Tena4ym aprfni. Differences in the '5N-enrichment of fee amino acids were also evident. This new effect-monitoring stem designed to investigte the impact ofa pollut on protein metabolism by using a stable isotope-labeled cell cuture is a powerfil tool for environmentl medical rsach. Key worux amino acids, GC-C-IRMS, GC-MS, nitro- Cell culture has been used frequently as a test system for toxicity assessment in pharmacology (4,6,7) and ecotoxicology (8,9). By observing end points such as growth impairment (10), modification of motility (7,11), and inner and outer morphology (6,12,13)

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Arginine metabolism in mammals

Cited by 158 publications

References 96 publications

Renal arginine and protein synthesis are increased during early endotoxemia in mice

Renal arginine and protein synthesis are increased during early endotoxemia in mice

Adaptation to a long term (4weeks) arginine- and precursor (glutamate, proline and aspartate)-free diet

15 N Investigation into the Effect of a Pollutant on the Nitrogen Metabolism of Tetrahymena pyriformis as a Model for Environmental Medical Research

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