Arsenic in Surface Soils Affected by Mining and Metallurgical Processing in K. Mitrovica Region, Kosovo

Stafilov, Trajče; Aliu, Milihate; Šajn, Robert

doi:10.3390/ijerph7114050

Cited by 44 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The numbers in the parentheses are ratios between the European median values and the median values for the elements as obtained in Macedonia (among 25 sets of data, Macedonia has the highest median for Fe and V (present data), second highest for Cr, Hg and Al and third highest median for As and Ni. The highest median data in Europe for Fe and Vobserved in Macedonia and the second highest median for Cr and Al are connected with the lithological background, as has been proven in previous publications in Macedonia (Stafilov et al 2010b;Balabanova et al 2011;Bačeva et al 2012), Kosovo (Stafilov et al 2010c) and Bosnia and Herzegovina (Alijagić and Šajn 2011). High content of Hg in the moss samples is believed to originate from long-range transboundary transport since similar contents in the mosses are reported in Albania and Italy as well.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

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Multi-element atmospheric deposition in Macedonia studied by the moss biomonitoring technique

Barandovski

Frontasyeva

Stafilov

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Moss biomonitoring technique using moss species Homolothecium lutescens (Hedw.) Robins and Hypnum cupressiforme (Hedw.) was applied to air pollution studies in the Republic of Macedonia. The study was performed in the framework of the International Cooperative Programme on Effects of Air Pollution on Natural Vegetation and Crops under the auspices of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP). The presence of 47 elements was determined by instrumental epithermal neutron activation analysis, atomic absorption spectrometry and atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. Normality of the datasets of elements was investigated, and Box-Cox transformation was used in order to achieve normal distributions of the data. Different pollution sources were identified and characterized using principal component analysis (PCA). Distribution maps were prepared to point out the regions most affected by pollution and to relate this to the known sources of contamination. The cities of Veles, Skopje, Tetovo, Radoviš and Kavadarci were determined to experience particular environmental stress. Moreover, three reactivated lead-zinc mines were also shown to contribute to a high content of lead and zinc in the eastern part of the country. However, a comparison with the previous moss survey conducted in 2005 showed a decreasing trend of pollution elements that are usually associated with emission from industrial activities.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Another maximum is linked to the South Macedonia area of Quaternary (Q) volcanism (Kozuf and Mariovo regions). The high values of the aforementioned elements, particularly Ba and Cs in soil (Stafilov et al 2010b) and Kosovo (Stafilov et al 2010c;Šajn et al 2013).…”

Section: Association Of Chemical Elementsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Multi-element atmospheric deposition in Macedonia studied by the moss biomonitoring technique

Barandovski

Frontasyeva

Stafilov

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…The first two numbers in the brackets represent number of countries/regions that reported lower/higher median for the element and the last number represent the number of countries/regions for which corresponding data are unavailable. The highest median data in Europe for Ni and Cr observed in Macedonia are connected with the lithological background, as has been proven in previous publications in Macedonia, [30][31][32][33][34][35] Kosovo [57] and Bosnia and Herzegovina. [58] Similar concentrations of Cr and Ni in topsoil have been found in the other countries of Balkan Peninsula.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…The high values of aforementioned elements, particularly Ba, La, Th, and U in soil formed on felsic volcanic rocks have been found in previous studies in area of Kavadarci, in Macedonia, [31] and Kosovo. [57] Factor 3: (Co-Cr-Ni-Sb) associate elements primarily affected by natural factors such as lithological background but anthropogenic influence as well. The anomaly with high values of aforementioned elements has been clearly isolated in the Vardar zone (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends of atmospheric deposition of trace elements in Macedonia studied by the moss biomonitoring technique

Barandovski

Frontasyeva

Stafilov

et al. 2012

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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In 2002 and 2005 the moss biomonitoring technique was applied to air pollution studies in the Republic of Macedonia in the framework of the International Cooperative Programme on Effects of Air Pollution on Natural Vegetation and Crops under the auspices of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE-ICP Vegetation) Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP). In August 2005 samples of the terrestrial mosses Homolothecium lutescens and Hypnum cupressiforme were collected at 72 sites evenly distributed over the territory of the country, in accordance with the sampling strategy of the European moss survey programme. A total of 41 elements (Na, Mg, Al, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Zr, Mo, Cd, Sb, I, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy Hf, Ta, W, Hg, Pb, Th, and U) were determined by instrumental epithermal neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry. Principal component analysis was used to identify and characterize different pollution sources. Distributional maps were prepared to point out the regions most affected by pollution and to relate this to known sources of contamination. A few areas, as in 2002, are experiencing particular environmental stress: Veles, Skopje, Tetovo, Radoviš and Kavadarci-Negotino, whereas the agricultural regions in the south, south-west, and south-east show median European values for most elements of mainly pollution origin. A significant increase in the content of Ni is noticed in the 2005 moss survey compared with 2002, due to the increased production of the ferro-nickel smelter in Kavadarci. A higher content of Cd, Hg, and Pb in 2005 relative to 2002 can be explained by pollution from the lead-zinc smelter in Veles, as well as the pollution that comes from the open slag waste dump of this smelter. Protection activities on the dump of slag from the former ferrochromium smelter located near Tetovo resulted in a lower content of Cr in the 2005 moss survey.

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“…This is an area associated with uncontained mine waste dumps and metal/metalloid contaminated soil [44][45][46][47]. Surface (1-10 cm) soil samples (n = 33) included 4 smelter samples, 24 soil samples and 5 tailing samples were obtained [48], Table 1.…”

Section: Chemicals/reagentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new simple, low-cost approach for generation of the PM10 fraction from soil and related materials: Application to human health risk assessment

Boisa

Entwistle

Dean

2014

Analytica Chimica Acta

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A new simple, robust and low-cost wet laboratory method for the generation of the <10 μm (PM10) particle size fraction is reported. A sedimentation method is directly compared with a centrifugation method for generation of the PM10 fraction. Both approaches are based on an integrated form of Stokes' law. Subsequently the sedimentation method was adopted. The results from the sedimentation method were corroborated using particle size distribution measurements. This approach for the generation of the PM10 fraction was applied to soil and mine waste samples from Mitrovica, Kosovo as part of an investigation in to the human risk assessment from inhalation of the PM10 fraction containing potentially harmful elements (PHEs). The average daily dose for Cd from the inhalation of suspended soil particles was calculated to be 0.021 and 0.010 μg kg(-1) BW d(-1) for a child and an adult, respectively. This corresponded to an inhalation dose of 0.50 and 0.70 μg Cdd(-1) for a child (20 kg) and an adult (70 kg), respectively.

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Arsenic in Surface Soils Affected by Mining and Metallurgical Processing in K. Mitrovica Region, Kosovo

Cited by 44 publications

References 30 publications

Multi-element atmospheric deposition in Macedonia studied by the moss biomonitoring technique

Multi-element atmospheric deposition in Macedonia studied by the moss biomonitoring technique

Trends of atmospheric deposition of trace elements in Macedonia studied by the moss biomonitoring technique

A new simple, low-cost approach for generation of the PM10 fraction from soil and related materials: Application to human health risk assessment

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