Arterial stiffness is greater in African Americans than in whites evidence from the Forsyth County, North Carolina, ARIC cohort

Din‐Dzietham, Rebecca; Couper, David J.; Evans, Greg; Arnett, Donna K.; Jones, Daniel W.

doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2003.12.004

Cited by 109 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The higher PP found among African descent populations in this study is consistent with the higher PP reported among African Americans in the USA. [33][34][35] The WMD in PP was more pronounced in women than in men of African descent in this study. The higher BMI in African descent women may partly contribute to their higher PP.…”

Section: Discussion Of Key Findingsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Does the pulse pressure in people of European, African and South Asian descent differ? A systematic review and meta-analysis of UK data

2007

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The aim of this study was to assess whether the pulse pressures (PPs) in people of African and South Asian descent differ from those of the European-origin White (henceforth, White) in the UK. A systematic literature review was carried out using MEDLINE 1966-2006 and EMBASE 1980-2006. The meta-analysis was performed using Cochrane review manager software (RevMan version 4.2; Oxford, UK). Thirteen studies were examined. Results for African descent men (n ¼ 9 studies) and women (n ¼ 7) indicated that African men and women had a higher mean PP than their White counterparts. Overall weighted mean difference (WMD)

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Section: Discussion Of Key Findingsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Does the pulse pressure in people of European, African and South Asian descent differ? A systematic review and meta-analysis of UK data

2007

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“…In fact, some studies have shown that black individuals have higher cf‐PWV values than their white counterparts 14, 15. Other studies, however, did not find this difference 16, 17.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Racial Differences in Arterial Stiffness are Mainly Determined by Blood Pressure Levels: Results From the ELSA‐Brasil Study

Baldo

Cunha

Ribeiro

et al. 2017

JAHA

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BackgroundBlack people have a higher risk of developing hypertension and presenting higher vascular stiffening. Our aim was to investigate whether the association between race and aortic stiffness could be explained by differences in the primary risk factors.Methods and ResultsWe analyzed data from 11 472 adults (mean age, 51.9±8.9; 53.8% female) self‐reported as white (n=6173), brown (n=3364), or black (n=1935). Their carotid‐to‐femoral pulse wave velocity (cf‐PWV) as well as clinical and anthropometric parameters were measured. cf‐PWV was higher in blacks than in whites or browns (men: white, 9.63±1.81; brown, 9.63±1.88; black, 9.98±1.99; women: white, 8.84±1.64; brown, 9.02±1.68; black, 9.34±1.91; P<0.05). However, this difference disappeared after adjustments for age, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, waist circumference, fasting glucose, and glomerular filtration rate (men: white, 9.68±1.54; brown, 9.68±1.50; black, 9.73±1.52; women: white, 8.93±1.32; brown, 8.98±1.29; black, 9.02±1.32; P>0.05). The association between race and arterial stiffness was significant for brown and black women in the highest cf‐PWV quartile, even after controlling for covariates. There were no differences in the age‐related increase in cf‐PWV among the racial groups after adjustment, confirming the strong effect of age and mean arterial pressure on cf‐PWV revealed by the multiple linear regression.ConclusionsRacial differences in cf‐PWV were mainly attributed to differences in mean arterial pressure and age, although they cannot fully explain the association between race and cf‐PWV in women in the highest cf‐PWV values. This suggests that therapeutic approaches to overcome the effects of aging on the vascular system should focus on blood pressure control, especially in the black population.

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“…98 -100 Similarly, greater intima-media thickening of large resistance vessels, such as the carotid artery, has also been documented. 101 Functional vascular abnormalities occurring more often in blacks than in whites include greater stiffness of large central arteries 97,102 and a lesser capacity of resistance vessels to dilate in response to vasodilatory stimuli. 98,99 These abnormalities in resistance vessels have further been linked to greater pressure-related target-organ injury in blacks.…”

Section: Functional and Anatomic Vascular Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…96,97 The abnormalities in the arterial vasculature are substantive but nonspecific and relate to both impaired endotheliumdependent and endothelium-independent vascular function. 98 -100 Similarly, greater intima-media thickening of large resistance vessels, such as the carotid artery, has also been documented.…”

Section: Functional and Anatomic Vascular Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of High Blood Pressure in Blacks

et al. 2010

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Abstract-Since the first International Society on Hypertension in Blacks consensus statement on the "Management of HighBlood Pressure in African American" in 2003, data from additional clinical trials have become available. We reviewed hypertension and cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment guidelines, pharmacological hypertension clinical end point trials, and blood pressure-lowering trials in blacks. Selected trials without significant black representation were considered. In this update, blacks with hypertension are divided into 2 risk strata, primary prevention, where elevated blood pressure without target organ damage, preclinical cardiovascular disease, or overt cardiovascular disease for whom blood pressure consistently Ͻ135/85 mm Hg is recommended, and secondary prevention, where elevated blood pressure with target organ damage, preclinical cardiovascular disease, and/or a history of cardiovascular disease, for whom blood pressure consistently Ͻ130/80 mm Hg is recommended. If blood pressure is Յ10 mm Hg above target levels, monotherapy with a diuretic or calcium channel blocker is preferred. When blood pressure is Ͼ15/10 mm Hg above target, 2-drug therapy is recommended, with either a calcium channel blocker plus a renin-angiotensin system blocker or, alternatively, in edematous and/or volume-overload states, with a thiazide diuretic plus a renin-angiotensin system blocker. Effective multidrug therapeutic combinations through 4 drugs are described. Comprehensive lifestyle modifications should be initiated in blacks when blood pressure is Ն115/75 mm Hg. The updated International Society on Hypertension in Blacks consensus statement on hypertension management in blacks lowers the minimum target blood pressure level for the lowest-risk blacks, emphasizes effective multidrug regimens, and de-emphasizes monotherapy. (Hypertension. 2010;56:780-800.)Key Words: antihypertensive therapy Ⅲ blood pressure Ⅲ essential hypertension Ⅲ ethnic groups Ⅲ hypertension detection and control Ⅲ obesity Ⅲ race

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Arterial stiffness is greater in African Americans than in whites evidence from the Forsyth County, North Carolina, ARIC cohort

Cited by 109 publications

References 34 publications

Does the pulse pressure in people of European, African and South Asian descent differ? A systematic review and meta-analysis of UK data

Does the pulse pressure in people of European, African and South Asian descent differ? A systematic review and meta-analysis of UK data

Racial Differences in Arterial Stiffness are Mainly Determined by Blood Pressure Levels: Results From the ELSA‐Brasil Study

Management of High Blood Pressure in Blacks

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