Arterial Wall Thickness Is Associated With Prevalent Cardiovascular Disease in Middle-Aged Adults

Burke, Gregory L.; Evans, Gregory W.; Riley, Ward A.; Sharrett, A. Richey; Howard, George; Barnes, Ralph W.; Rosamond, Wayne D.; Crow, Richard S.; Rautaharju, Pentti M.; Heiss, Gerardo

doi:10.1161/01.str.26.3.386

Cited by 777 publications

(536 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In population studies, there are several noninvasive ways to assess atherosclerotic vascular damage. 15,16,20,21 PWV is one of the functional markers of vascular wall changes and mainly related to arterial elastic properties. 22 PWV is generally measured between the carotid and femoral arteries (carotid-femoral PWV).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of obesity and metabolic risk variables on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in healthy adolescents

et al. 2008

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Measurement of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is recognized as a simple and practical method for assessing arterial stiffness. We determined whether the baPWV of adolescents is affected by obesity and its associated metabolic risk variables. A cross-sectional sample of 754 apparently healthy adolescents (383 men and 371 women), aged 15-17 years, was recruited for this study. baPWV was measured by a simple automatic oscillometric technique. Adiposity measures, blood pressure, serum lipoproteins, fasting glucose and insulin were evaluated. The baPWV of the adolescents was significantly higher in men than in women and increased with age in both genders. After being statistically adjusted for age and gender, baPWV was significantly correlated with body mass index, percent body fat, waistto-height ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, mean arterial pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), atherogenic index, glucose, insulin, and homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). In the multivariate regression analysis, mean arterial pressure, atherogenic index, HOMA-IR, systolic blood pressure and age were found to be significant determinants of baPWV (Po0.001). An increasing number of clustered risk variables, including high values (4gender-specific top quartiles) of waist-toheight ratio, mean arterial pressure, atherogenic index and HOMA-IR showed a graded association with baPWV (Po0.001 for trend). These results suggest that obesity and its associated metabolic abnormalities are important factors in the increased baPWV of adolescents and that baPWV may be useful in investigating early arterial wall changes in this population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of obesity and metabolic risk variables on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in healthy adolescents

et al. 2008

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“…A measure of the degree of atherosclerosis can be obtained using high-resolution Bmode ultrasonography to quantify arterial wall thickening. Intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid arteries is a marker of generalised atherosclerosis [9][10][11]. In non-diabetic subjects established cardiovascular risk factors, such as age, LDL-cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, gender and low high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are associated with an increased CIMT and future CVD risk [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High cumulative insulin exposure: a risk factor of atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes?

et al. 2005

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Background: Since insulin therapy might have an atherogenic effect, we studied the relationship between cumulative insulin dose and atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes. We have focused on patients with type 1 diabetes instead of type 2 diabetes to minimise the effect of insulin resistance as a potential confounder. Methods: An observational study was performed in 215 subjects with type 1 diabetes treated with multiple insulin injection therapy. Atherosclerosis was assessed by measurement of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). Results: The cumulative dose of regular insulin showed a positive and significant relation with CIMT: increase of 21 m in CIMT per S.D. of insulin use (95% CI: 8-35 adjusted for gender and age), which remained unchanged after adjustment for duration of diabetes, HbA1c, BMI, pulse pressure, physical activity and carotid lumen diameter. A similar relation was found for intermediate-acting insulin: 15.5 m per S.D. (2-29), which was no longer present after further adjustment. Conclusions: These findings provide evidence that a high cumulative dose of regular insulin is a risk factor for atherosclerosis.

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“…Preterm birth has also been associated with increased vascular resistance and arterial wall thickness, which are both associated with hypertension and adverse cardiovascular outcomes (11). For instance, a study of adolescent girls born preterm found higher brachial artery and aortic pressures, a narrower abdominal aorta, and lower peripheral skin blood flow than in girls born at term (9).…”

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confidence: 99%

Preterm birth with antenatal corticosteroid administration has injurious and persistent effects on the structure and composition of the aorta and pulmonary artery

et al. 2011

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INTRODUCTION:Preterm birth affects 8-12% of live births and is associated with the development of elevated arterial blood pressure and aortic narrowing in later life; this suggests that preterm birth may alter the development of arteries. Our objective was to determine the effects of preterm birth, accompanied by antenatal corticosteroid administration, on the structure of the aorta and pulmonary artery, which experience different alterations in pressure flow at birth. RESULTS: at 11 wk, preterm lambs had significantly thicker aortic walls and a smaller lumen, whereas the morphometry of the pulmonary artery was unaffected. elastin deposition was markedly increased in the aorta and pulmonary artery and smooth muscle content was reduced in the aorta only. In preterm lambs we found injury in the aorta only; controls were unaffected. DISCUSSION: We conclude that moderate preterm birth after antenatal betamethasone can cause injury and persistent alterations in the structure and composition of the aorta, with lesser effects in the pulmonary artery. Our findings suggest that preterm birth may increase the risk of atherosclerosis and aortic aneurysms in later life. METHODS:Using an established ovine model of preterm birth, lambs were born at 0.9 of gestation and underwent necropsy at 11 wk after birth; controls were born at term.

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Arterial Wall Thickness Is Associated With Prevalent Cardiovascular Disease in Middle-Aged Adults

Cited by 777 publications

References 20 publications

The influence of obesity and metabolic risk variables on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in healthy adolescents

The influence of obesity and metabolic risk variables on brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in healthy adolescents

High cumulative insulin exposure: a risk factor of atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes?

Preterm birth with antenatal corticosteroid administration has injurious and persistent effects on the structure and composition of the aorta and pulmonary artery

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