Arthropod Containment Guidelines, Version 3.2

Entom, American Committee of Medical

doi:10.1089/vbz.2018.2431

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The generation and maintenance of transgenic or genome edited arthropod stock is prone to formal regulations that are country or institution specific. Published guidelines about Arthropod Containment Levels 1 and 2 (ACL-1 and ACL-2) protocols ( American Committee of Medical Entomology-American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2019 ) provide an advisory framework for safe genetic modification in Plodia . While the ACL-2 standard was designed for arthropods of public health concern, it is flexible and overall a good target for responsible research conduct, but may be insufficient if the laboratory modifications present a risk of fitness advantage or genetic contamination in the wild ( e.g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping and CRISPR homology-directed repair of a recessive white eye mutation in Plodia moths

et al. 2022

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping and CRISPR homology-directed repair of a recessive white eye mutation in Plodia moths

et al. 2022

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“…Regulations and surveillance systems should also be in place. Many existing guidelines (e.g., the Arthropod Containment Guidelines 60 ) could include guidelines specific for female release. Other practical issues surrounding the releasing process should also be carefully considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Effectiveness of Genetically Modifying Mosquito Populations: Risk Assessment of Releasing Blood-Fed Females

Xia

Ury

Powell

2021

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Releasing mosquito refractory to pathogens has been proposed as a means of controlling mosquito-borne diseases. A recent modeling study demonstrated that instead of the conventional male-only releases, adding blood-fed females to the release population could significantly increase the program’s efficiency, hastening the decrease in disease transmission competence of the target mosquito population and reducing the duration and costs of the release program. However, releasing female mosquitoes presents a short-term risk of increased disease transmission. To quantify this risk, we constructed a Ross–MacDonald model and an individual-based stochastic model to estimate the increase in disease transmission contributed by the released blood-fed females, using the mosquito Aedes aegypti and the dengue virus as a model system. Under baseline parameter values informed by empirical data, our stochastic models predicted a 1.1–5.5% increase in dengue transmission during the initial release, depending on the resistance level of released mosquitoes and release size. The basic reproductive number (R0) increased by 0.45–3.62%. The stochastic simulations were then extended to 10 releases to evaluate the long-term effect. The overall reduction of disease transmission was much greater than the number of potential infections directly contributed by the released females. Releasing blood-fed females with males could also outperform conventional male-only releases when the release strain is sufficiently resistant, and the release size is relatively small. Overall, these results suggested that the long-term benefit of releasing blood-fed females often outweighs the short-term risk.

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“…Blood was first screened for any active malaria infection before feeding it to mosquitoes during the experiments. The insectary is considered a biosafety level 2 [ 14 , 15 ]. Blood-related waste materials were disposed in dedicated biohazard red-liners in red-biohazard bins [ 16 ], which were later transferred to the institute’s incinerator section for incineration twice every week.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A field bioassay for assessing ivermectin bio-efficacy in wild malaria vectors

Ominde,

Kamau,

Karisa

et al. 2023

Malar J

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Background Ivermectin (IVM) mass drug administration is a candidate complementary malaria vector control tool. Ingestion of blood from IVM treated hosts results in reduced survival in mosquitoes. Estimating bio-efficacy of IVM on wild-caught mosquitoes requires they ingest the drug in a blood meal either through a membrane or direct feeding on a treated host. The latter, has ethical implications, and the former results in low feeding rates. Therefore, there is a need to develop a safe and effective method for IVM bio-efficacy monitoring in wild mosquitoes. Methods Insectary-reared Anopheles gambiae s.s. were exposed to four IVM doses: 85, 64, 43, 21 ng/ml, and control group (0 ng/ml) in three different solutions: (i) blood, (ii) 10% glucose, (iii) four ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8) of blood in 10% glucose, and fed through filter paper. Wild-caught An. gambiae s.l. were exposed to 85, 43 and 21 ng/ml IVM in blood and 1:4 ratio of blood-10% glucose mixture. Survival was monitored for 28 days and a pool of mosquitoes from each cohort sacrificed immediately after feeding and weighed to determine mean weight of each meal type. Results When administered in glucose solution, mosquitocidal effect of IVM was not comparable to the observed effects when similar concentrations were administered in blood. Equal concentrations of IVM administered in blood resulted in pronounced reductions in mosquito survival compared to glucose solution only. However, by adding small amounts of blood to glucose solution, mosquito mortality rates increased resulting in similar effects to what was observed during blood feeding. Conclusion Bio-efficacy of ivermectin is strongly dependent on mode of drug delivery to the mosquito and likely influenced by digestive processes. The assay developed in this study is a good candidate for field-based bio-efficacy monitoring: wild mosquitoes readily feed on the solution, the assay can be standardized using pre-selected concentrations and by not involving treated blood hosts (human or animal) variation in individual pharmacokinetic profiles as well as ethical issues are bypassed. Meal volumes did not explain the difference in the lethality of IVM across the different meal types necessitating further research on the underlying mechanisms.

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Arthropod Containment Guidelines, Version 3.2

Cited by 27 publications

References 8 publications

Mapping and CRISPR homology-directed repair of a recessive white eye mutation in Plodia moths

Mapping and CRISPR homology-directed repair of a recessive white eye mutation in Plodia moths

Increasing Effectiveness of Genetically Modifying Mosquito Populations: Risk Assessment of Releasing Blood-Fed Females

A field bioassay for assessing ivermectin bio-efficacy in wild malaria vectors

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