ArtiFacts: Femoroacetabular Impingement—A New Pathology?

Zurmühle, Corinne A.; Milella, Marco; Steppacher, Simon D.; Hanke, Markus S.; Albers, Christoph E.; Tannast, Moritz

doi:10.1007/s11999-017-5270-4

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Poirier's facet is the extension of the articular surface of the femoral head toward the neck. This might be similar (but not identical) to a so‐called Cam‐type deformity where the femoral head loses its sphericity (see, e.g., Zurmühle et al, 2017). Both herniation pit and cribra femoris / femoralis are pathologic conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Allen's fossa—An attempt to dissolve the confusion of different nonmetric variants on the anterior femoral neck

Göhring

2021

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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A comparison of different studies is only possible if the same guidelines are used. However, due to the rather imprecise description of the different nonmetric traits on the anterior femoral neck (i.e., Allen's fossa, femoral plaque, Poirier's facet), it is impossible to compare the results of different authors. This is especially the case for the variant called Allen's fossa or cervical fossa of Allen, which has severely been mistaken in a lot of previous studies. As a consequence, a clarified and more detailed definition of this variant is required what enables the comparison of the results of different investigators. This study gives a detailed overview on the variety of different terms, which are often used simultaneously. The aim of the study is to develop a clarified definition of the term Allen's fossa, including the description of any sex‐ or age‐related differences, based on morphological examinations of archaeological skeletal remains from Karacamirli (Azerbaijan), Unterigling (Germany), and Ur (Iraq). Allen's fossa is shown to be usually bilaterally present in individuals of all age classes, including infants and rather old individuals, without any signs of modifications with increasing age. In addition, the variant is present in both sexes with the same manifestation. These findings are in contrast to other studies, what is very likely the result of previously mistaken variants. The study provides a detailed definition of Allen's fossa and a clear distinction from other variants at the femoral neck. The presented guidelines will allow a better comparability between different investigators in further studies. Individual differences, including vascular deficits and pathological conditions, can cause a considerable amount of variations in the manifestation of Allen's fossa, which is most likely caused by grinding of the zona orbicularis on the femoral neck.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Both herniation pit and cribra femoris / femoralis are pathologic conditions. Herniation pits are (subcortical) fibrocystic lesions (Kim et al, 2011; Kusma et al, 2009; Pitt et al, 1982; Zurmühle et al, 2017). They are only visible through X‐ray analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allen's fossa—An attempt to dissolve the confusion of different nonmetric variants on the anterior femoral neck

Göhring

2021

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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“…Virtual imaging has proved to be a very useful tool in assessing abnormal morphological conditions in skeletal remains (Milella, Zollikofer, & Ponce de León, ; Zurmühle et al, ). Sacral asymmetry was visually inspected using mirror imaging, volume rendering, and cross sections in defined positions (see details in the Supplementary Information).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case of marked bilateral asymmetry in the sacral alae of the Neandertal specimen Regourdou 1 (Périgord, France)

Rmoutilová

Gómez‐Olivencia

Brůžek

et al. 2019

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives: A marked asymmetry was previously reported in the sacral alae and S1-L5 facets orientation of the Neandertal individual Regourdou 1. Here, we provide a detailed description and quantification of the morphology and degree of asymmetry of this sacrum.Material and methods: Regourdou 1 was compared to a modern human sample composed of 24 females and 17 males, and to other Neandertal individuals. Both traditional and geometric morphometric analyses were used in order to quantify the degree of sacral asymmetry of Regourdou 1.Results: The asymmetry of both sacral alae and facets orientation substantially exceeds directional and absolute asymmetry of the healthy modern sample.Regourdou 1 shows a considerably shorter right ala, which is absolutely and relatively outside of the modern and Neandertal variations.Conclusion: Regourdou 1 shows marked sacral asymmetry that probably originated in early ontogenetic development. An asymmetric sacrum reflects asymmetric load dissipation and could relate to other morphological abnormalities observed in the skeleton, especially the mild scoliosis of the spine and the asymmetry of the femoral diaphyses. Further investigation is necessary to elucidate the relationship between those morphologies as well as a potential impact on the life of the individual. K E Y W O R D Sfacet orientation, geometric morphometrics, sacral asymmetry, sacral development

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“…It is unclear in which time frame of human evolution cam deformity evolved. A femur of a male who lived around 5,000 years ago showed clear signs of cam deformity . On the other hand, in 249 species of an ancient human population who lived between the 8th and 11th century, cam deformity was inexistent .…”

Section: Evolution Of the Human Hipmentioning

confidence: 97%

Influence of evolution on cam deformity and its impact on biomechanics of the human hip joint

Anwander

Beck

Büchler

2018

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Anatomy and biomechanics of the human hip joint are a consequence of the evolution of permanent bipedal gait. Habitat and behaviour have an impact on hip morphology and significant differences are present even within the same biological family. The forces acting upon the hip joint are mainly a function of gravitation and strength of the muscles. Acetabular and femoral anatomy ensure an inherently stable hip with a wide range of motion. The femoral head in first human ancestors with upright gait was spherical (coxa rotunda). Coxa rotunda is also seen in close human relatives (great apes) and remains the predominant anatomy of present-day humans. High impact sport during adolescence with open physis however can activate an underlying genetic predisposition for reinforcement of the femoral neck, causing an epiphyseal extension and the formation of an osseous asphericity at the antero-superior femoral neck (cam deformity). The morphology of cam deformity is similar to the aspherical hips of quadrupeds (coxa recta), with the difference that in quadrupeds the asphericity is posterior. It has been postulated that this is due to the fact that humans bear weight on the extended leg, while quadrupeds bear weight at 90-100° flexion. The asphericity alters the biomechanical properties of the joint and as it is forced into the acetabulum leading to secondary cartilage damage. It is considered a risk factor for later development of osteoarthritis of the hip. Clinically this presents as reduced range of motion, which can be an indicator for the structural deformity of the hip. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 9999:XX-XX, 2018.

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ArtiFacts: Femoroacetabular Impingement—A New Pathology?

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Allen's fossa—An attempt to dissolve the confusion of different nonmetric variants on the anterior femoral neck

Allen's fossa—An attempt to dissolve the confusion of different nonmetric variants on the anterior femoral neck

A case of marked bilateral asymmetry in the sacral alae of the Neandertal specimen Regourdou 1 (Périgord, France)

Influence of evolution on cam deformity and its impact on biomechanics of the human hip joint

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