Artificial Insemination: Current and Future Trends

Morrell, Jane M.

doi:10.5772/17943

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Artificial insemination technicians can also influence fertility rates (STEYN, 2003;PALACÍN et al, 2012;FRANCISCO, 2018) since some individuals perform more efficiently than others (PALACÍN et al, 2012). Differences among these workers may result from variations in the time spent in each insemination (WINDSOR, 1995), their ability to navigate cervix folds (EPPLESTON, MAXWELL, 1993;SANTOLARIA et al, 2011;FRANCISCO, 2018) without forcing the passage of the guns used (SANTOLARIA et al, 2011;VALENTIM et al, 2016;FRANCISCO, 2018), the depth at which they deposit semen in the cervical canal (SALVADOR et al, 2005;CANDAPPA, BARTLEWSKI, 2011;FRANCISCO, 2018), the speed at which they deposit it (too fast would increase cervical reflux) (CANDAPPA, BARTLEWSKI, 2011;MORRELL, 2011), among others. In Francisco (2018), the inseminating team's experience conditioned fertility rates.…”

Section: Fertility Rates After Artificial Inseminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple factors affect the fertility rates of small ruminants after artificial insemination (AI): genetics, individual characteristics, feeding, season, environment, reproductive activity control, semen collection and conservation, female management, cervix morphology, volume, insertion into the female genital tract, and semen deposition site (MORRELL, 2011;ARREBOLA et al, 2013). AI success depends on its instruments since they can condition artificial insemination technicians' work; namely, location, fixation, and insertion of the gun in the cervical canal (QUINTAS et al, 2021;SILVA, 2022) and stress due to handling (PALACIOS, 2010;LEO, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Timed artificial insemination in Serrana nanny-goats: the effects of vaginal specula and artificial insemination technicians

Quintas¹,

Silva

Afonso³

et al. 2023

R. Agrogeoambiental

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The success of artificial insemination (AI) depends on the equipment used, especially regarding the facilitation of artificial insemination technicians’ work and the positioning of insemination guns in the genital tract of animals. This study aimed to evaluate how vaginal specula and artificial insemination technicians affected the fertility rates of timed artificially inseminated Serrana Transmontano goats (which are indigenous to Portugal). For this, 58 adult nanny-goats aged between three and nine years were used. They were reproductively controlled by a short progestogen treatment (FGA) (seven days) with equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG). Timed cervical AI (43 hours after the end of the hormonal treatment) was performed with chilled semen. Nanny-goats were inseminated by two artificial insemination technicians (A vs. B) alternating two vaginal specula (Minitub vs. “Reyes”). Pregnancy was diagnosed by ultrasound 41 days later. About 98% of nanny-goats responded to our treatment with FGA and eCG. In total, 82.8% of nanny-goats were pregnant 41 days after AI. Neither vaginal specula (Minitub: 81.2% vs. “Reyes”: 84.6%) nor artificial insemination technicians (A: 82.8% vs. B: 82.8%) affected fertility rates. Thus, we conclude that neither the vaginal specula used in this research nor the artificial insemination technicians affected Serrana goat pregnancy rates.

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Section: Fertility Rates After Artificial Inseminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timed artificial insemination in Serrana nanny-goats: the effects of vaginal specula and artificial insemination technicians

Quintas¹,

Silva

Afonso³

et al. 2023

R. Agrogeoambiental

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“…The technique was developed originally to reduce disease transmission since it allows animals to be bred without coming into contact with each other or being transported to different farms for mating [6]. Additional benefits include safety and allowing access to more males, thus permitting more rapid genetic improvement than is possible with natural mating [7]. Success with the technique is dependent on a number of factors, especially a readily available supply of good quality semen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternatives to Antibiotics in Semen Extenders Used in Artificial Insemination

Morrell¹,

Malaluang²,

Cojkic³

et al. 2022

The Global Antimicrobial Resistance Epidemic - Innovative Approaches and Cutting-Edge Solutions

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Antimicrobial resistance is a serious global threat requiring a widespread response. Both veterinarians and medical doctors should restrict antibiotic usage to therapeutic use only, after determining the sensitivity of the causal organism. However, the addition of antibiotics to semen extenders for animal artificial insemination represents a hidden, non-therapeutic use of antimicrobial substances. Artificial insemination for livestock breeding is a huge global enterprise with hundreds of million sperm doses prepared annually. However, reporting of antimicrobial resistance in semen is increasing. This review discusses the consequences of bacteria in semen samples, as well as the effect of antimicrobial substances in semen extenders on bacteria in the environment and even on personnel. Alternatives to antibiotics have been reported in the scientific literature and are reviewed here. The most promising of these, removal of the majority of bacteria by colloid centrifugation, is considered in detail, especially results from an artificial insemination study in pigs. In conclusion, colloid centrifugation is a practical method of physically removing bacteria from semen, which does not induce antibiotic resistance. Sperm quality in stored semen samples may be improved at the same time.

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“…The common use of spermatozoa in assisted reproduction is expanding especially for freezing or FIV, leading to a steady strengthened interest intrigued with the distinguishing sub-fertile or infertile males [1][2][3][4][5]. The evaluation of the male fertility potential is based on the analysis of basic sperm characteristics motility and morphology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Sperm Morphology Analysis in Equids: Trumorph® Vs Eosin-Nigrosin Stain

Gacem

Catalán

Yánez-Ortiz

et al. 2021

Veterinary Sciences

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The evaluation of the male fertility potential is based on the analysis of the basic spermatic characteristics of concentration, motility and morphology. Thus, the study of sperm morphology is a fundamental element in the seminal analysis, but its real meaning has been biased by the techniques used for its evaluation. These techniques involve dehydration phases and subsequent staining, which involves the production of artifacts. The aim of the study is to compare two methods for equid semen morphology evaluation, Trumorph® using living sperm vs. eosin-nigrosine stain. A total of 49 ejaculates from stallions and donkeys were used. After semen collection and dilution, an aliquot was placed on the slide and introduced in the Trumorph® device. Then observation was made with a 40x objective and negative phase-contrast microscope. Another aliquot was stained using eosin-nigrosine stain and viewed using 100× magnification. Well-formed sperm were observed, and different abnormalities were identified using Trumorph®. The use of eosin-nigrosin staining method and Trumorph® led to the same results and both techniques can be used for stallion and donkey sperm morphological analysis. However, considering the fact that Trumorph® uses living sperm helps prevent sperm cell alteration during sample preparation. Therefore, Trumorph® can be a good alternative to the conventional staining method, which provides a quick test on live sperm.

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Artificial Insemination: Current and Future Trends

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Timed artificial insemination in Serrana nanny-goats: the effects of vaginal specula and artificial insemination technicians

Timed artificial insemination in Serrana nanny-goats: the effects of vaginal specula and artificial insemination technicians

Alternatives to Antibiotics in Semen Extenders Used in Artificial Insemination

New Sperm Morphology Analysis in Equids: Trumorph® Vs Eosin-Nigrosin Stain

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