Artificial Intelligence-Based CT Images in Analysis of Postoperative Recovery of Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy under Balanced Anesthesia

Abstract

To explore whether preoperative processing can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) surgery, in the study, an artificial intelligence-based algorithm was used to segment the CT images to assist doctors in decision making. The patients were divided into observation group (balanced anesthesia) and control group (general anesthesia) with SPSS. The observation group received balanced anesthesia half a day before the operation. The method of balanced anesthesia was to induce 0.2 mg/kg midazolam, 3 mg/kg propofol, 2 μg/kg remifentanil, 0.2 mg/kg vecuronium, 4∼5 mg/(kg·h) propofol, and 9∼11 μg/(kg·h) remifentanil continuous intravenous infusion to maintain anesthesia, and it was stopped once the patient defecated; the control group had general anesthesia in the afternoon after the operation, and it was stopped once the patient defecated. The time before the first exhaust and defecation after the surgery as well as the recovery time of bowel sound was recorded, and the degree of abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and gastrointestinal adverse reactions was evaluated at 22 hours, 46 hours, and 70 hours after the surgery. It was found that the accuracy of the artificial intelligence-based segmentation algorithm was 81%. The reconstruction accuracy of multidimensional liver could be observed at any angle, and the reconstruction accuracy was not lower than the resolution of original input CT. The calculation error was less than 9%, and the volume of whole liver, liver segment, preresection liver, and residual liver was less than 9%. The simulation accuracy of virtual liver surgery was not lower than the resolution of original input CT. The time before the first exhaust and defecation was shorter in the observation group versus the control group ( P < 0.05). The recovery time of bowel sound in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group ( P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the scores of abdominal distension between the two groups at 22 h and 46 h after surgery ( P < 0.05). It suggested that both the observation group and the control group could improve the symptoms of gastrointestinal adverse reactions after surgery. Nevertheless, balanced anesthesia can shorten the time before the first exhaust and defecation after surgery and promote the recovery of postoperative bowel sound. Furthermore, balanced anesthesia can alleviate abdominal distension, abdominal pain, and gastrointestinal adverse reactions, which should be promoted in clinic.