Artificial Nanotargeted Cells with Stable Photothermal Performance for Multimodal Imaging-Guided Tumor-Specific Therapy

Abstract

Organic–inorganic hybrid materials have drawn increasing attention as photothermal agents in tumor therapy due to the advantages of green synthesis, high loading efficiency of hydrophobic drugs, facile incorporation of theranostic iron, and excellent photothermal efficiency without inert components or additives. Herein, we proposed a strategy for biomimetic engineering-mediated enhancement of photothermal performance in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This strategy is based on the specific characteristics of organic–inorganic hybrid materials and endows these materials with homologous targeting ability and photothermal stability in the TME. The hybrid materials perform the functions of cancer cells to target homolytic tumors (acting as “artificial nanotargeted cells (ANTC)”). Inspired by the pH-dependent disassembly behaviors of tannic acid (TA) and ferric ion (FeIII) and subsequent attenuation of photothermal performance, cancer cell membranes were self-deposited onto the surfaces of protoporphyrin-encapsulated TA and FeIII nanoparticles to achieve ANTC with TME-stable photothermal performance and tumor-specific phototherapy. The resulting ANTC can be used as contrast agents for concurrent photoacoustic imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and photothermal imaging to guide the treatment. Importantly, the high loading efficiency of protoporphyrin enables the initiation of photodynamic therapy to enhance photothermal therapeutic efficiency, providing antitumor function with minimal side effects.

Polyphenol‐Containing Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Properties, and Therapeutic Delivery

“…[260][261][262][263][264][265][266] As a result, polyphenols have been used as coating materials to functionalize a host of nanomaterials for biomedical applications. [267][268][269][270] The polyphenols coated on the surfaces of various nanomaterials can easily interact with the amine and thiol groups via Michael-type addition or Schiff base reaction, self-polymerize in alkaline media, and chelate with metal ions, endowing the resulting nanomaterials with desired structures, properties, and functions. Hence, a number of polyphenol-containing nanomaterials have been prepared, and have found many important biomedical uses.…”

NIR‐II Responsive Hollow Magnetite Nanoclusters for Targeted Magnetic Resonance Imaging‐Guided Photothermal/Chemo‐Therapy and Chemodynamic Therapy

“…NIR‐induced photothermal therapy (PTT) has attracted much attention due to its non‐invasive and convenient operation. [ 1–6 ] The therapeutic mechanism is that the applied photothermal agents (PTAs) can absorb and convert NIR energy into local heat, which leads to irreversible cancer cell death and tumor growth inhibition. [ 7–9 ] Although most of the PTAs with high absorbance in the first near‐IR (NIR‐I, 700–950 nm) window have good therapeutic effects on PTT, the inevitable scattering and absorption and of NIR‐I light in normal tissues greatly decrease the light intensity of NIR laser after reaching the tumor site, resulting in limited therapeutic effect.…”

Increased photodynamic therapy sensitization in tumors using a nitric oxide-based nanoplatform with ATP-production blocking capability

“…Since PA imaging benefits from superb contrast, exceptional spatial resolution and excellent sensitivity in biological tissue 68 , 69 and Ce6 is effective as PA contrast agent 46 , we used this method to image L-Arg@Ce6@P NPs. The highest PA intensity of L-Arg@Ce6@P NPs was located at 680 nm ( Figure S13 ) , which was used as excitation wavelength.…”