Artificial neural network and response surface methodology modeling for diclofenac removal by quaternized mesoporous silica SBA-15 in aqueous solutions

Effect of feed impurities on catalytic performance of CuFe2O4/β-SiC for SO3 decomposition in the sulfur–iodine cycle

“…The response surface methodology (RSM) approach was used to predict the mathematical model by employing regression analysis on the experimental data using Minitab® (trial version). 78–82 The response variable and test variables are related as shown in the following polynomial equation:SO 3 conversion (%) = −513 + (1.163 X 1 ) + (0.068 X 2 ) + (0.19 X 3 ) − (1.68 X 4 ) − (0.000562 X 1 2 ) + (0.022 X 3 2 ) + (0.130 X 4 2 ) − (0.000006 X 1 X 2 ) + (0.00001 X 1 X 3 ) + (0.00007 X 1 X 4 ) − (0.0126 X 1 X 3 )where the response variable is the SO 3 conversion (%) and the test variables are X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , and X 4 . X 1 corresponds to temperature (°C), and X 2 , X 3 and X 4 are the concentrations (wt%) of H 2 SO 4 , HI and KI, respectively.…”

“…The response surface methodology (RSM) approach was used to predict the mathematical model by employing regression analysis on the experimental data using Minitab® (trial version). [78][79][80][81][82] The response variable and test variables are related as shown in the following polynomial equation: + (0.00001 X 1 X 3 ) + (0.00007 X 1 X 4 ) − (0.0126…”

Alkyl chain length of quaternized SBA-15 and solution conditions determine hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions for carbamazepine adsorption

“…Santa Barbara Amorphous-15 (SBA) is a stable and mesoporous silica material. The effects of the length of the alkyl chain attached to quaternized SBA-15 (Q SBA ) on its hydrophobic and hydrophilic adsorption properties have been studied 35,36 . For example, Q SBA with a long alkyl chain shows high adsorption for diclofenac (DCF) owing to both the hydrophobic interactions of the long alkyl chain and the electrostatic attraction of the N + species 36 .…”

“…The effects of the length of the alkyl chain attached to quaternized SBA-15 (Q SBA ) on its hydrophobic and hydrophilic adsorption properties have been studied 35,36 . For example, Q SBA with a long alkyl chain shows high adsorption for diclofenac (DCF) owing to both the hydrophobic interactions of the long alkyl chain and the electrostatic attraction of the N + species 36 . For the nitrate ion, electrostatic adsorption on the N + species of the quaternary ammonium occurs readily even in the presence of competing oxyanions, such as bicarbonate, phosphate, and sulfate ions.…”

“…This is owing to the high nitrate selectivity of Q SBA because of its long-alkyl-chain-based hydrophobicity from higher hydration energy of nitrate than one of the other oxyanions 35 . By controlling the hydrophobicity based on the length of the alkyl chain, the adsorption capacity and selectivity for the target contaminants can be improved, and the adsorption mechanism can be elucidated 35,36 . However, in previous studies, the adsorption characteristics have been investigated only with respect to PPCPs based on different functional groups 37,38 , and there has been no research on the adsorption characteristics of Q SBA for PPCPs based on its hydrophobicity; the exception is DCF 36 .…”