“…Moreover, QoS-constrained optimization of IRS-aided secure transmission has been investigated [36], [37], where the total transmit power is minimized while satisfying the constraint of a target secrecy rate. Also, the AN concept was introduced into the QoS-constrained IRS optimization for several specific scenarios, such as a single-user scenario without eavesdropper's channel state information (CSI) [22], a singleuser MIMO scenario [38], a single-user simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) scenario [39], and a two-user non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scenario [40]. However, to the best of our knowledge, QoSconstrained joint optimization of the AN, IRS's phase shifts, and transmit beamforming has not been investigated for a general multi-user scenario.…”