Artificial vernalization in strawberry plants: phyllochron, production and quality

Abstract

To obtain the best productive performances strawberry plants require an accumulation of cold hours which varies by cultivar; this project evaluated phyllochron, the quality and fruit production from vernalized and non-vernalized seedlings of the strawberry cultivars Albion and Camarosa. The treatments consisted of seedling vernalized before planting for 200 cold hours in a cold chamber with temperatures 4.0 ºC. Seedlings in the control treatments were not vernalized and were transplanted directly after arrival. Phyllochron was evaluated (estimated by the inverse of the angular coefficient of the linear regression between the number of leaves in the main crown and the sum of thermal time accumulated for each transplanted seedling), in addition to production parameters (number of commercial fruits, number of non-commercial fruits, production of commercial and non-commercial fruits); and fruit quality (titratable acidity, total soluble solids and ratio titratable acidity/total soluble solids). The exposure of strawberry seedlings to vernalization treatments significantly affected productivity but did not affect leaf emission rates or quality of fruits, although these factors were different among cultivars. Camarosa showed greater leaf emission rates and higher productivity per plant and lower titratable acidity than Albion which may be related to genotypic acclimatization. Seedling vernalization is recommended because it results in greater fruit production. The cultivar with higher fruit production is Camarosa.

Vernalizing Pre-Transplants Improved the Agronomic Characteristics of Strawberry Genotypes Under Tropical Conditions1

“…These results agreed with Oliveira and Scivittaro (2009), who reported that vernalizing transplants for 21 days (around 500 hours of cold) optimized yield and the number of strawberry fruits per plant. Diel et al (2017) also found that vernalization increased fruit production by the Camarosa and Albion varieties.…”

“…This indicated that vernalization improved fruit production and confirmed the results obtained by Oliveira and Scivittaro (2009), who also obtained a higher yield with vernalized transplants when the Camarosa variety was used. Diel et al (2017), who also used Camarosa, found that the average yield from vernalized plants was 1007.50 g plant -1 but only 774.16 g plant -1 for non-vernalized plants. However, no differences were found between the vernalized and non-vernalized plant yields when the Albion variety was tested (207.10 and 196.91 g plant -1 , respectively).…”

“…However, no differences were found between the vernalized and non-vernalized plant yields when the Albion variety was tested (207.10 and 196.91 g plant -1 , respectively). Oliveira and Scivittaro (2009) and Diel et al (2017) suggested that the differences between the varieties could be due to the interaction between genotype and the environment because some varieties may be better acclimatized to a particular environment, which would allow them to better express their production capacity.…”

“…Strawberry flowering is dependent on a set of environmental factors, such as temperature, photoperiod, and the interaction between them (HEIDE; STAVANG; SØNSTEBY, 2013). Diel et al (2017) suggested that the interaction between temperature and photoperiod determined the ability of a variety to adapt to an area, whereas the photoperiod controlled the vegetative and reproductive cycle.…”

Aclimatación ex vitro de plántulas de Fragaria x ananassa Duch.

“…Para tratar de contribuir a mejorar las condiciones de producción del cultivo de fresa en Guanajuato, en el último lustro se han desarrollado variedades de fresa adaptadas a la región agroclimática de la región que presentan mayor rendimiento y características organolépticas ; no obstante, la propagación de las mismas sigue presentando problemas fitosanitarios lo que dificulta la adopción de estos materiales por los productores. Para asegurar la obtención de plantas libres de enfermedades, de mayor vigor y con alta pureza genética la propagación in vitro, representa una alternativa viable, que en fresa ha sido muy estudiada (Calvete et al, 2009;Rekha et al, 2013;Ling and Wetten, 2017;Diel et al, 2017).…”