Aspectos sistêmicos e odontológicos de portadores de paralisia cerebral

Abstract

A paralisia Cerebral (PC) pode ser considerada um grupo de desordens do desenvolvimento do movimento e da postura, e é atribuída a distúrbios não progressivos que ocorreram no cérebro durante o período fetal e no bebê, resultando em dificuldades nas habilidades funcionais. Estes déficits funcionais, via de regra, provocam repercussões na qualidade da saúde bucal e na qualidade de vida destes pacientes. O presente artigo realiza uma revisão de literatura sobre os aspectos sistêmicos e odontológicos de indivíduos portadores de paralisia cerebral, enfatizando aspectos conceituais, epidemiológicos e clínicos, com a finalidade de transmitir conhecimento aos profissionais da saúde e com isso tentar melhorar atenção à saúde geral nesse grupo populacional. Entretanto concluiu-se que não basta transmitir conhecimento faz-se necessário também a implementação de políticas públicas que contemplem a promoção, prevenção e melhoria dos serviços especializados para esses pacientes, conjuntamente com ações interprofissionais da saúde que contribuam para a integralidade da assistência e aprimoramento dos serviços.

Oral Health Care of Children and Adolescents with Different Impairments of Cerebral Palsy: Barriers and Challenges

“…In addition, there is an effect of the type of food administered -predominantly liquid/pasty consistency -and of the frequent use of anticonvulsant medications, which often have high sucrose content and can cause xerostomia [4,6,16]. In this study, individuals with severe CP had significantly higher percentages of food received through the tube/gastrostomy, with the ingestion of food of consistency and the continuous use of anticonvulsants, showing that this group has a higher risk to develop oral diseases such as caries and periodontal disease, as previously reported in the literature [3,6,7,9,10]. Thus, it is worth highlighting the importance of parent and caregiver counseling by dental surgeons about the oral hygiene of these individuals in particular -including those who receive parenteral nutrition -since the difficulty in oral health care is also a barrier that needs to be overcome as soon as possible.…”

“…Individuals with CP have difficulties in carrying out and memorizing activities of daily living such as eating, walking, bathing, dressing, talking, and brushing their teeth [6][7][8]. Their oral health condition has been investigated and identified in national and international studies [3,6,7,9,10], confirming that no intraoral changes are characteristic of people with CP. However, these individuals are at high risk of developing dental problems such as malocclusion due to abnormal forces in the oral motor muscles, dental trauma, and bruxism.…”

“…The difficulty in performing adequate oral care and the low access to dental services aggravate the oral health situation of this population, considering that these individuals are at higher risk of developing dental caries, periodontal disease, malocclusion, bruxism, and larger amounts of dental biofilm [4,6,9,10]. The susceptibility to caries and periodontal disease is directly linked to inadequate oral hygiene, consistency of the diet, and prolonged retention of food residues in the oral cavity.…”