Aspects related to analysis and medico-legal assessment in the context of the presence of synthetic cannabinoids in biological material based on the example of AB-CHMINACA

Romańczuk, Agnieszka; Rojek, Sebastian; Kula, Karol; Kłys, Małgorzata

doi:10.5114/amsik.2018.84530

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, the autopsy and toxicological results excluded the assumption of the substance of abuse as a cause of death, attributed instead to chronic heart failure aggravated by pneumonia. Histopathological examination of cardiac tissue has shown only completely nonspecific chronic changes [ 31 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic Cannabinoids and Cathinones Cardiotoxicity: Facts and Perspectives

Radaelli

Manfredi

Zanon

et al. 2021

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: New psychoactive substances (NPS) constitute a group of psychotropic substances, designed to mimic the effects of traditional substances like cannabis, cocaine, MDMA, khat, which is not regulated by the 1961 United Nations Convention on Narcotics or the 1971 United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances. Illegal laboratories responsible for their production regularly develop new substances and place them on the market to replace the ones that have been banned; for this reason, during the last decade this class of substances has represented a great challenge for the public health and forensic toxicologists. The spectrum of side effects caused by the intake of these drugs of abuse is very wide since they act on different systems with various mechanisms of action. To date most studies have focused on the neurotoxic effects, very few works focus on cardiotoxicity. Specifically, both synthetic cannabinoids and synthetic cathinones appear to be involved in different cardiac events, including myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death due to fatal arrhythmias. Synthetic cannabinoids and cathinones cardiotoxicity are mainly mediated through activation of the CB1 receptor present on cardiomyocyte and involved with reactive oxygen species production, ATP depletion and cell death. Concerns with the adrenergic over-stimulation induced by this class of substances and increasing oxidative stress are mainly reported. In this systematic review we aim to summarize the data from all the works analyzing the possible mechanisms through which synthetic cannabinoids and synthetic cathinones damage the myocardial tissue.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic Cannabinoids and Cathinones Cardiotoxicity: Facts and Perspectives

Radaelli

Manfredi

Zanon

et al. 2021

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“…The same procedure was carried out in the urine sample after SPE, according to the methods described in the authors’ earlier works ( 10 , 11 ).…”

Section: Identification Analysis Of the Fluid From The Venflon And Ur...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Stability of Synthetic Cathinones and the Study of Potential Intake Biomarkers in the Biological Material from a Case of 3-CMC Poisoning

Romańczuk

Rojek

Synowiec

et al. 2023

Journal of Analytical Toxicology

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The objective of the present study was to identify metabolites of synthetic cathinone, 3-chloromethcathinone (3-CMC), and to select a potential intake biomarker for this compound. The basis of the experiment was the analysis of blood and urine samples from a case of fatal poisoning with this substance. We also evaluated the stability of 3-CMC and the selected potential biomarker, the dihydro-3-CMC metabolite, depending on the time elapsed since the autopsy as well as the storage conditions of the biological material. Studies have shown that 3-CMC shows low stability in biological material. However, acidification of the biological material or low-temperature storage has a great impact on maintaining its stability. It is crucial to monitor the presence of the dihydro-3-CMC metabolite in the biological material during analysis, which showed high stability under all of the given storage conditions. Synthetic cathinones might not be detected in biological material and, if they are, the determined concentrations at the time of testing may not correspond to the actual concentrations at the time of the event or death. Consequently, interpretation of the results obtained for 3-CMC and dihydro-3-CMC in terms of assessing their toxicity and possible cause of death is difficult. The area of research into the search for other intake biomarkers of unstable halogen derivatives of synthetic cathinones remains open.

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Aspects related to analysis and medico-legal assessment in the context of the presence of synthetic cannabinoids in biological material based on the example of AB-CHMINACA

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Synthetic Cannabinoids and Cathinones Cardiotoxicity: Facts and Perspectives

Synthetic Cannabinoids and Cathinones Cardiotoxicity: Facts and Perspectives

The Stability of Synthetic Cathinones and the Study of Potential Intake Biomarkers in the Biological Material from a Case of 3-CMC Poisoning

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