Aspergillus Monitoring Project in a Large Educational Hospital Using Molecular Assay

Diba, Kambiz; Rahimirad, Mohamad H; Makhdoomi, Khadijeh; Eslamloo, N F

doi:10.4314/ajid.v8i1.1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Aspergillus is an opportunistic pathogen and mostly infects patients with lowered immunity due to neutropenia and/or treatment with high-dose corticosteroids or immunomodulatory drugs [2]. The primary route of acquiring infection is inhalation of the fungal spores [3]. The diseases caused by Aspergillus range from invasive infection, colonization, toxicoses, or allergy [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicomycological Study of the Spectrum of Pulmonary Aspergillosis at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India

Krishna,

Keche,

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Knowing the spectrum, prevalence, and modes of diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis (PA) will be beneficial to clinicians for its early diagnosis and management. This study aims to estimate the prevalence, spectrum, and role of serological tests and radiological findings in the diagnosis of PA. A total of 150 patients were suspected of having PA after obtaining relevant clinical history and radiological imaging. The patients were grouped into each spectrum of PA as invasive PA (IPA), chronic necrotizing PA (CNPA), aspergilloma, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) based on predisposing factors, clinical and radiological findings, and the guidelines of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Invasive Fungal Infections Cooperative Group and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG). Samples (bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), sputum, blood) were collected from these patients and processed in a microbiology lab. BAL and sputum were subjected to microscopy by potassium hydroxide mount, calcofluor white mount, and culture. The serum was separated from blood by centrifugation and subjected to specific serological tests based on the spectrum of PA that the patient was suspected to have. For IPA, serum and BAL galactomannan antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed. For CNPA and aspergilloma, the anti-Aspergillus IgG antibody ELISA was performed. For ABPA, the tests performed were total immunoglobulin E (IgE) ELISA, Aspergillus fumigatus-specific IgE ELISA, and anti-Aspergillus immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody ELISA. After compiling the clinical, radiological, culture, and serological findings, patients were diagnosed to have a particular spectrum of PA. The prevalence of IPA was 1.4%, CNPA was 4%, ABPA was 3.2%, and aspergilloma was 2.9%. CNPA was the predominant spectrum of PA in our study. Culture positivity for Aspergillus species was seen the highest in aspergilloma patients, followed by IPA, ABPA, and CNPA patients. A. fumigatus was the most common causative agent of PA, except for IPA for which Aspergillus flavus was the most common causative. Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus terreus were less the frequent causes of PA. A combination of radiological, microbiological, and serological tests along with clinical correlation is needed to confirm the diagnosis of PA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicomycological Study of the Spectrum of Pulmonary Aspergillosis at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India

Krishna,

Keche,

et al. 2024

Cureus

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“…Aspergillosis consists of an extensive range of pulmonary diseases, such as invasive aspergillosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and type I respiratory hypersensitivity reactions (4). Among Aspergillus spp., Aspergillus flavus is the most common isolate in the environment (5). Alternaria spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Prolonged Exposure of Environmental Fungi to Ultraviolet Irradiation Change the Pattern of Drug Resistance?

Lotfali

Valizadeh

Ghasemi

et al. 2021

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: The pathogenic and opportunistic fungal species cause life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients. The ultraviolet (UV) germicidal irradiation is a well-known method for inactivating a significant number of microorganisms and has wide application for sterilization. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of ultraviolet C (UV-C) irradiation on the antifungal susceptibility pattern of some filamentous fungi. Methods: The effect of UV-C on the antifungal susceptibility pattern of itraconazole, voriconazole, fluconazole, and amphotericin B against filamentous fungi was examined. Changes in the morphological features of resistant strains following UV-C irradiation were also evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. Results: The results revealed a significant decrease in the number of the surviving spores of strains with the prolongation of UV-C irradiation (0 - 10 to 20 min; P < 0.05). Concerning the morphology of resistant Aspergillus spp., the results of scanning electron microscopy showed a significant increase in the length of irradiated hyphae compared to the non-irradiated hyphae (P < 0.05). In addition, colony count showed a significant decrease (P < 0.05). The findings revealed that UV-C radiation exposure could alter the antifungal susceptibility pattern of Aspergillus spp., such as increasing the minimum inhibitory concentration. Conclusions: Aspergillus spp. can cause systemic infections among lab technicians exposed to different doses of radiation. Moreover, this increase in susceptibility pattern can directly affect the duration of treatment.

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Bacteriological and Mycological Surveillance of Bed Linens at a Major Tertiary Hospital in North-Central Nigeria

Nyinoh

Onah²,

Bob-Echiwkonye³

et al. 2020

J BioMed Res Clin Pract

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Knowledge of the microbial diversity on hospital bed linens has implicit significance for infection control because bed linens are likely reservoir and vehicles for healthcare-associated Infections (HAIs). In this study, the diversity of microorganisms that persist on bed linens at Benue State University Teaching Hospital (BSUTH), Makurdi, Nigeria was evaluated. Patients’ bed and surface areas on bed linens were chosen at random from ten different wards and the swab sampling method employed. Of the 30-bed linens sampled, bacteria were more prevalent at 63.3%, and fungi at 34.48%. We identified both bacteria and fungi from eight wards, only fungi from the antenatal ward and no contamination from the amenity ward. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus dominated the bacterial profile. Similarly, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, and Microsporium ferrugenium fungi were also recovered from the bed linens. Amongst the bacteria identified, Escherichia coli gave the highest prevalence at 36.84%, whereas, Candida albicans revealed the highest among the fungi isolates with 50%. Chi-square analysis showed a significant relationship (χ2 = 68.48, df =8, P<0.05) between the microbial contamination and the wards sampled. The mean bacterial count (cfu/ml) was checked for each ward and the female surgical ward showed the highest count of 31.3 × 103 and the paediatric ward had the least count of 2.3 × 103. Control beddings were also contaminated with 1.3 × 103. These results suggest that the bed linens from the hospital wards were contaminated with pathogenic microbes which can contribute to HAIs.

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Aspergillus Monitoring Project in a Large Educational Hospital Using Molecular Assay

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Clinicomycological Study of the Spectrum of Pulmonary Aspergillosis at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India

Clinicomycological Study of the Spectrum of Pulmonary Aspergillosis at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India

Does Prolonged Exposure of Environmental Fungi to Ultraviolet Irradiation Change the Pattern of Drug Resistance?

Bacteriological and Mycological Surveillance of Bed Linens at a Major Tertiary Hospital in North-Central Nigeria

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