Assemblage Structure of Eastern Pacific Groundfishes on the U.S. Continental Slope in Relation to Physical and Environmental Variables

Tolimieri, Nick; Levin, Phillip S.

doi:10.1577/t05-092.1

Cited by 66 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Distinct groups of deepwater slope and shelf species have been a consistent fi nding in studies of species assemblages among west coast groundfi sh (Gabriel and Tyler, 1980;Rogers and Pikitch, 1992;Jay, 1996;Lee and Sampson, 2000;Tolimieri and Levin, 2006;Zimmerman, 2006;Cope and Haltuch, 2012). The study of Rogers and Pikitch (1992) is perhaps the most similar to our study, because of their use of observer data and similar quantitative methods.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Several previous studies have examined assemblages among groundfi sh species through the use of data from fi shery-independent surveys (Gabriel and Tyler, 1980;Weinberg, 1994;Jay, 1996;Williams and Ralston, 2002;Tolimieri and Levin, 2006;Zimmerman, 2006;Cope and Haltuch, 2012). There have been fewer studies of species associations with the use of fi sherydependent data.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Co-occurrence of bycatch and target species in the groundfish demersal trawl fishery of the U.S. west coast; with special consideration of rebuilding stocks

Heery

Cope²

2014

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Abstract-Bycatch and resultant discard mortality are issues of global concern. The groundfish demersal trawl fishery on the west coast of the United States is a multispecies fishery with significant catch of target and nontarget species. These catches are of particular concern in regard to species that have previously been declared overfished and are currently rebuilding biomass back to target levels. To understand these interactions better, we used data from the West Coast Groundfish Observer Program in a series of cluster analyses to evaluate 3 questions: 1) Are there identifiable associations between species caught in the bottom trawl fishery; 2) Do species that are undergoing population rebuilding toward target biomass levels ("rebuilding species") cluster with targeted species in a consistent way; 3) Are the relationships between rebuilding bycatch species and target species more resolved at particular spatial scales or are relationships spatially consistent across the whole data set? Two strong species clusters emergeda deepwater slope cluster and a shelf cluster-neither of which included rebuilding species. The likelihood of encountering rebuilding rockfish species is relatively low. To evaluate whether weak clustering of rebuilding rockfish was attributable to their low rate of occurrence, we specified null models of species occurrence. Results indicated that the ability to predict occurrence of rebuilding rockfish when target species were caught was low. Cluster analyses performed at a variety of spatial scales indicated that the most reliable clustering of rebuilding species was at the spatial scale of individual fishing ports. This finding underscores the value of spatially resolved data for fishery management.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-occurrence of bycatch and target species in the groundfish demersal trawl fishery of the U.S. west coast; with special consideration of rebuilding stocks

Heery

Cope²

2014

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“…Abrupt changes in topography, climate and/ or hydrography can explain sudden latitudinal changes in the composition and abundance of marine biota, e.g. fishes (Ojeda et al 2000, Tolimieri & Levin 2006. A cold-water 'pocket' encompassing northern Portugal (i.e.…”

Section: Latitudinal Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of landscape and assemblage structure along a latitudinal gradient in ocean climate

Tuya¹,

Cacabelos²,

Duarte³

et al. 2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The Portuguese coast has overlapping distributions of species of both boreal and Lusitanian origins; a large number of cold-and warm-water species have their southern or northern distributional range edges here. A latitudinal gradient in ocean climate, particularly sea surface temperature (SST) and primary production, has been described along this coast. Here, we took advantage of this gradient in ocean climate to explore affinities in the biogenic landscape structure of subtidal shallow reefs (the abundance of habitat patches), as well as in the assemblage structure of macroalgae and associated fishes, between each of 3 regions: Viana do Castelo (41.5°N), Peniche (39.2°N) and Sines (37.8°N). Five reefs were sampled to determine the abundance of biogenic habitats and the assemblage structure of macroalgae and fishes in each region. The structure of the landscape, and of macroalgal and fish assemblages, differed between Viana do Castelo and Peniche and between Viana do Castelo and Sines, but not between Peniche and Sines. Viana do Castelo was the only region with conspicuous kelp forests, while Peniche and Sines were dominated by patches of foliose turf-forming and filamentous algae. Our study revealed an abrupt macroecological change from northern Portugal to central and southern Portugal, suggesting a possible biogeographical reconfiguration and recognition of a wider transitional area from the Atlantic into Mediterranean waters.KEY WORDS: Latitude · Macroecology · Habitat structure · Assemblage structure · Kelps · Fishes · Rocky reefs · Atlantic Ocean Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 466: [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] 2012 distribution, abundance and fitness of organisms may be relevant for predicting the effects of climate change, because shifts in distribution patterns along these gradients are among the principal detectable responses to climate change by both aquatic and terrestrial organisms (Southward et al. 1995, Walther et al. 2002, Parmesan & Yohe 2003, Poloczanska et al. 2007, Hawkins et al. 2009, Wernberg et al. 2011b.In the marine realm, biogeographic classifications are a crucial tool for reaching international agreements in marine conservation. Biogeographic units have been defined using sets of hierarchical criteria, within which the biogeographic affinities of biological entities and assemblages are a key component (Lüning 1990, Spalding et al. 2007. Considerable heterogeneity in the composition and abundance of biological communities may exist within any particular biogeographic level, mainly within large spatial units, and so a more detailed classification system is recommended (Spalding et al. 2007, Waters et al. 2010. This is particularly pertinent as shifts in the distributional ranges of several species are occurring in most oceans of the globe as a result of global change (e.g. Southward et al. 1995, Last et al. 2011, Philippart et al. 2011, Wernberg et al. 2012. In this context, it is crucial to tes...

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“…Depth plays a dominant role in determining the species composition of demersal fish assemblages (e.g. Bianchi 1992, Tolimieri & Levin 2006), and it is likely that the depth-dependent patterns in fish distribution characterized by the average 1994 to 1997 distributions are conserved throughout the study period. This is supported by the similar distributions between years in the 1994 to 1997 timeframe (Chouinard & Hurlbut 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Winter foraging by a top predator, the grey seal Halichoerus grypus, in relation to the distribution of prey

Harvey¹,

Hammill²,

Swain³

et al. 2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Identifying foraging areas of individuals and correlating them with potential food resources allows for a better understanding of predator-prey relationships. Herein, we examine whether grey seal movements were associated with overwintering concentrations of several commercial fish species in the Cabot Strait, Atlantic Canada, using data from satellite transmitters deployed on grey seals (between 1993 and 2005) and winter bottom-trawl survey data (1994 to 1997). The distribution of searching effort by male grey seals varied throughout the winter. In early winter, males concentrated their movements around St. Paul's Island. In late winter, they were found to the southeast of this area, where females also occurred. The fish community differed between apparent foraging and non-foraging areas. Densities of small plaice, hake and redfish, large herring and cod of all sizes were relatively high in the male grey seal foraging zones; female foraging zones were characterized by higher densities of small plaice and redfish and large cod. Areas where grey seal foraging was not concentrated were characterized by high densities of medium and large redfish as well as large turbot and witch flounder. Diet samples are needed to determine whether grey seals are feeding on the fish groups that distinguish foraging from nonforaging areas or alternatively on other prey that occur in the same areas.KEY WORDS: Marine predator · Foraging areas · Cod · Spatial overlap · First-passage time · Groundfish · Gulf of St. Lawrence Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 462: [273][274][275][276][277][278][279][280][281][282][283][284][285][286] 2012 spond to annual losses of < 5% of adult cod to fishing and ~45% to natural mortality. It has been suggested that predation by an increasing grey seal population (Thomas et al. 2008) may be an important factor in the elevated natural mortality of adult cod (Chouinard et al. 2005, Benoît & Swain 2008, Swain et al. 2009). However, diet studies from the southern Gulf have not supported the hypothesis that seals are consuming large numbers of large cod (e.g. Hammill et al. 2007). But these studies, which are based on prey hard parts (in particular otoliths or ear bones) found in the digestive tracts of seals, may underestimate the consumption of large fish if their heads are not consumed (Hauser et al. 2008, Phillips & Harvey 2009 or if sampling has not occurred where grey seals and large fish overlap (Benoît et al. 2011).The overwintering period, when southern Gulf cod occur in dense aggregations at consistent locations (see 'Results'), is a period when cod may be an attractive prey resource to grey seals. However, sampling of seals for diet studies at this time of year is logistically challenging. In theory, the availability and distribution of resources is expected to affect the distribution of animals as well as their space-use strategy (Johnson 1980, Manly et al. 2002, and effective predators should concentrate effort in areas ...

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Assemblage Structure of Eastern Pacific Groundfishes on the U.S. Continental Slope in Relation to Physical and Environmental Variables

Cited by 66 publications

References 58 publications

Co-occurrence of bycatch and target species in the groundfish demersal trawl fishery of the U.S. west coast; with special consideration of rebuilding stocks

Co-occurrence of bycatch and target species in the groundfish demersal trawl fishery of the U.S. west coast; with special consideration of rebuilding stocks

Patterns of landscape and assemblage structure along a latitudinal gradient in ocean climate

Winter foraging by a top predator, the grey seal Halichoerus grypus, in relation to the distribution of prey

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