Assessing a vigilance decrement in aged rats: effects of pre-feeding, task manipulation, and psychostimulants

Grottick, Andrew J.; Higgins, Guy A.

doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1174-3

Cited by 76 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Further, free feeding resulted in a 50% decrease in the number of trials completed and decreases in the number of head entries into the feeder. Consistent with our findings, it has been shown previously that pre-feeding the rats before testing increased the number of omissions but did not change accuracy in the 5CSRTT (Carli & Samanin, 1992;Harrison et al, 1997;Grottick & Higgins, 2002;Bizarro & Stolerman, 2003). The magazine latency and the latency to respond have been shown to be increased after pre-feeding (Carli & Samanin, 1992;Harrison et al, 1997).…”

Section: The Effects Of Food Motivation On 5csrtt Performancesupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The magazine latency and the latency to respond have been shown to be increased after pre-feeding (Carli & Samanin, 1992;Harrison et al, 1997). However, in a recent study (Grottick & Higgins, 2002) and consistent with our results, the magazine latency and the latency to respond were not changed after pre-feeding, suggesting that the number of trials completed and the number of the head entries into the feeder, may more accurately reflect decreased motivation than increased latencies to magazine entry and to correct response. …”

supporting

confidence: 90%

“…Therefore, possible effects of MPEP on motivation for food may only be revealed in complex tasks such as progressive ratio schedules or 5CSRTT. Finally, magazine latency, as a traditional measure for food motivation (Robbins, 2002;Carli & Samanin, 1992;Harrison et al, 1997), was not affected either by MPEP (present study) or by pre-feeding (present study; Grottick & Higgins, 2002). Importantly, the number of trials completed and head entries into the feeder were not affected after MPEP administration, further indicating that MPEP-induced decreases in response speed cannot be fully attributed to decreased food motivation.…”

Section: Effects Of Mpep and Ly341495 On 5csrtt Performancesupporting

confidence: 39%

“…We also investigated: a) the effect of 24 hr access to food before the test to assess the effects of absence of motivation for food on 5CSRTT performance; b) the effects of MPEP and LY341495 on food intake in the home cage because performance on the 5CSRTT depends on motivation for food (Harrison et al, 1997;Grottick & Higgins, 2002;Bizarro & Stolerman, 2003); and c) the effects of curare, a neuromuscular blocker, to determine the effects of motor impairment on 5CSRTT performance. These studies allowed us to unambiguously interpret the pattern of effects seen after the pharmacological manipulations in the 5CSRTT.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of the mGluR5 antagonist MPEP and the mGluR2/3 antagonist LY341495 on rats' performance in the 5-choice serial reaction time task

Semenova¹,

Markou²

2007

Neuropharmacology

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Schizophrenia is characterized by attentional deficits possibly associated with glutamate dysfunction. The role of postsynaptic metabotropic glutamate 5 (mGluR5) or presynaptic inhibitory mGluR2/3 on attention is currently unknown. We investigated the effects of the mGluR5 antagonist MPEP and the mGluR2/3 antagonist LY341495 on attention in the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5CSRTT), as well as on food intake to evaluate their effects on food motivation. The effects of pre-feeding and the muscle relaxant curare were examined to characterize the effects of alterations in motivation or the ability to perform the task, respectively. MPEP had no effect on accuracy but overall decreased performance in the 5CSRTT, including decreased speed of responding and decreased premature responses. LY341495 had no significant effect on rats' performance in the 5CSRTT. LY341495 decreased food intake in the home cage to a greater extent than MPEP. Curare decreased the speed of correct responding, reflecting motor impairment. Free feeding decreased overall performance, number of trials completed and number of head entries into the feeder, reflecting decreased motivation to perform the task. Thus, blockade of mGluR5, but not mGluR2/3, decreased overall responding without affecting accuracy in the 5CSRTT. Keywordsattention; metabotropic glutamate receptors; MPEP; LY341495; schizophrenia; rat Cognitive deficits are now regarded as a core feature of schizophrenia (Elvevag & Goldberg, 2000;Lewis et al., 2004), and include disturbances in selective attention (Mirsky, 1969;Carter et al., 1992;Hagan & Jones, 2005;an der Heiden & Hafner, 2000;Hughes et al., 2003) and working memory (Carter et al., 1996;Gold et al., 1997). Presently available pharmacological treatments produce little improvement in the cognitive and attentional deficits in schizophrenia patients.Pharmacological blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors induced schizophrenia-like cognitive deficits in healthy subjects, and exacerbated positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients (Krystal et al., 1994;Adler et al., 1999;Lahti et al., Correspondence to: Athina Markou.Athina Markou, Ph.D., Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, M/C 0603, La Jolla, California 92093-0603, USA; tel: (858) 534-1572, fax: (858) 858-534-7653, e-mail: amarkou@ucsd.edu. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. (Krystal et al., 2003;Moghaddam, 2003Moghaddam, , 2004Tamminga, 1998). Glutamate mediates its actions via activation of both ionotropic and metabotropic (...

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Section: The Effects Of Food Motivation On 5csrtt Performancesupporting

confidence: 92%

supporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Effects Of Mpep and Ly341495 On 5csrtt Performancesupporting

confidence: 39%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The effects of the mGluR5 antagonist MPEP and the mGluR2/3 antagonist LY341495 on rats' performance in the 5-choice serial reaction time task

Semenova¹,

Markou²

2007

Neuropharmacology

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“…The normal ageing process in humans is associated with impairments in sustained attention 50,51 and similar age-related deficits have been detected in rats using the 5-CSRTT. 39,52,53 Although this test has been used in mice, 54,55 no ageing studies have previously been reported. Interestingly no age-related deficit was found in either the transgenic or WT mice and all ages of mice performed the task equally well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mice overexpressing human caspase 3 appear phenotypically normal but exhibit increased apoptosis and larger lesion volumes in response to transient focal cerebral ischaemia

et al. 2004

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Caspase 3 activation has been implicated in cell death following a number of neurodegenerative insults. To determine whether caspase genes can affect the susceptibility of cells to neurodegeneration, a transgenic mouse line was created, expressing human caspase 3 under control of its own promoter. The human gene was regulated by the murine homeostatic machinery and human procaspase 3 was expressed in the same tissues as mouse caspase 3. These novel transgenic mice appeared phenotypically and developmentally normal and survived in excess of 2 years. Behavioural assessment using the 5-choice serial reaction time task found no differences from wild-type littermates. Caspase activity was found to be tightly regulated under physiological conditions, however, significantly larger lesions were obtained when transgenic mice were subjected to focal cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury compared to wildtype littermates. These data demonstrate that mice overexpressing human caspase 3 are essentially normal, however, they have increased susceptibility to degenerative insults.

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Rodent Model of Attention: The 5‐Choice Serial Reaction Time Task

Higgins

Breysse

2008

CP Pharmacology

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The 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT) is the most widely used test to measure attentional performance in rodents. The basic test design involves training animals to respond to a brief visual stimulus presented unpredictably in one of five locations. Once trained to stable performance levels, the effects of experimental manipulations on response speed and choice accuracy are measured and each are related to attentional performance. Increasingly, the test is also used to examine aspects of response control. Having been adapted from a human task, the test has also been successfully extended to the mouse and primate, thus highlighting its translational value. Increasingly this test is being applied in drug discovery efforts, primarily to identify novel drug treatments for conditions associated with attention deficits.

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Assessing a vigilance decrement in aged rats: effects of pre-feeding, task manipulation, and psychostimulants

Abstract: These results demonstrate that similar performance characteristics can be observed in both human and rat, serving to validate further the 5-CSRTT as a measure of sustained attention.

Cited by 76 publications

References 41 publications

The effects of the mGluR5 antagonist MPEP and the mGluR2/3 antagonist LY341495 on rats' performance in the 5-choice serial reaction time task

The effects of the mGluR5 antagonist MPEP and the mGluR2/3 antagonist LY341495 on rats' performance in the 5-choice serial reaction time task

Mice overexpressing human caspase 3 appear phenotypically normal but exhibit increased apoptosis and larger lesion volumes in response to transient focal cerebral ischaemia

Rodent Model of Attention: The 5‐Choice Serial Reaction Time Task

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