Assessing countries capacity for public health emergencies preparedness and response: the joint external evaluation process in Cameroon

Fossouo, Viviane Ndoungué; Mouiche, Mohamed Moctar Mouliom; Tiwoda, Christie; Sadeuh‐Mba, Serge Alain; Wango, Roland Kimbi; Njayou, Arouna Ngapana; Feussom, Jean Marc Kameni; Gnigninanjouena, Oumarou

doi:10.11604/pamj.2020.37.326.26262

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…This capacity concentrates the highest cumulative number of MCs of detection across the world as defined by this study. This is in accordance with findings of other studies [ 15 , 16 ]. The situation of laboratory system seems to be the same in WHO regions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Main challenges of the detection in the context of global health security: systematic review of Joint External Evaluation (JEE) reports

Dossou¹,

Ayelo²,

Douba³

et al. 2022

Pan Afr Med J

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Introduction since 2016, Joint External Evaluation (JEE) missions have been organized in various countries. This systematic review of the JEE reports is intended to identify the main challenges (MC) of detection in WHO regions. Methods we accessed JEE reports on the WHO website. Challenge was defined as a variable of the indicators of detection where there was a need of improvement. MC was a challenge common to at least one-third of countries in each region and globally. For consistency, we assessed challenges reported under “Areas which need strengthening/challenges” in reports. Results we analyzed 96 JEE reports. African Region (91.7%), Eastern Mediterranean Region (80.9%) and South East Asia Region (72.7%) had the highest rates of JEE completion. The MC were 24 in European Region, 26 in Mediterranean Region, 30 in Western Pacific Region, 33 in South East Asia Region and 34 in African Region. 24 MCs were identified at global level. National laboratory system and Real time surveillance had the highest number of MC. Eleven MCs were common to all WHO regions and global level. These include insufficient capacity for core test confirmation, insufficient specimen referral system, weak quality management system, issues in laboratories licensing and accreditation, weak data management, weak electronic reporting system, absence /weak mechanism of information exchange between International Health Regulation and animal health focal points, insufficient health professional specialists, the need of workforce strategy, the need of field epidemiology and insufficient workforce retention capacity. Conclusion the MCs identified should be addressed through a global approach.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Main challenges of the detection in the context of global health security: systematic review of Joint External Evaluation (JEE) reports

Dossou¹,

Ayelo²,

Douba³

et al. 2022

Pan Afr Med J

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“…14 Four technical working groups were constituted and maintained throughout the NAPHS development process. 5 The groups were organized into 4 thematic areas of the JEE: prevent, detect, respond, and points of entry and other hazards. Members of the technical working groups came from line ministries involved in IHR implementation in the country.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NAPHS development process took about 2 years, from situational analysis to costing. It started with the JEE assessment in September 2017, during which key recommendations FOSSOUO ET AL to strengthen health security were formulated, 5 and ended with the cost estimation exercise in December 2018. In the inception phase, a SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunity, and threat) analysis was not conducted and technical areas were not prioritized.…”

Section: Naphs Development Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Keywords: International Health Regulations, NAPHS process, Health security planning, Public health preparedness/ response, Cameroon Background C ountries need to continuously establish, develop, strengthen, and maintain their evidence-based capacities to prevent, prepare for, detect, notify, and respond to public health emergencies. This has been highlighted by lessons learned from Ebola virus disease, 1,2 Zika virus disease, 3 the COVID-19 4 pandemic, the monkeypox outbreak, 5 and other recent health emergencies. In Cameroon, major health emergencies have been driven by outbreaks of measles, wild type poliovirus, cholera, avian influenza, monkeypox, and COVID-19.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regard to other IHR-related hazards and points of entry, the greatest need identified was strengthening chemical events response system and IHR capacities at points of entry. 5 Cameroon is signatory to the IHR, which was adopted in 2007 by 196 World Health Organization (WHO) member states and other state parties as the essential vehicle for addressing global health emergency issues, while avoiding unnecessary interference with international traffic and trade. 7 As a mandatory requirement of the IHR, in 2010, Cameroon designated the National Public Health Observatory (NPHO) as its IHR national focal point.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Health Security Planning: Developing the Cameroon National Action Plan for Health Security

et al. 2022

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The health security planning process transforms recommendations from various evaluations into priority actions to strengthen countries' capacity for emergency preparedness using the One Health approach. Although the World Health Organization (WHO) has developed many tools to facilitate the planning process of a National Action Plan for Health Security (NAPHS) across the various components, a series of multisectoral workshops is still needed to complete the process. In this article, we report on the process of developing Cameroon's NAPHS and propose an innovative solution to improve the process. The NAPHS development process was conducted from May to December 2018. The WHO NAPHS framework, adapted to the local context, guided the process. The WHO planning matrix was used to plan activities and the WHO NAPHS costing tool was used to facilitate the costing exercise. A total of 84 Joint External Evaluation recommendations were translated into activities included in Cameroon's NAPHS. Among these activities, the majority (56%) were of medium priority. The total cost of a 5-year NAPHS was US$87,668,356, with almost half (49%) of the budget allocated to activities in the ''Prevent'' category and more than a third (35%) allocated to the ''Detect'' category. The top 3 cost drivers were immunization (22%), the national laboratory system (21%), and antimicrobial resistance (16%). The NAPHS informed policymakers of planned activities and funding needs to fast-track the development of health security capacities. Running gaps in funding will be addressed during a resource mapping

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A Digital One Health framework to integrate data for public health decision-making

Redman-White,

Loosli,

Qarkaxhija

et al. 2023

IJID One Health

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Assessing countries capacity for public health emergencies preparedness and response: the joint external evaluation process in Cameroon

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Main challenges of the detection in the context of global health security: systematic review of Joint External Evaluation (JEE) reports

Main challenges of the detection in the context of global health security: systematic review of Joint External Evaluation (JEE) reports

Health Security Planning: Developing the Cameroon National Action Plan for Health Security

A Digital One Health framework to integrate data for public health decision-making

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