Assessing Southern Pine 2x4 and 2x6 Lumber Quality: Longitudinal and Transverse Vibration

França, Frederico José Nistal; Seale, R. Daniel; Shmulsky, Rubin; França, Tâmara Suely Filgueira Amorim

doi:10.22382/wfs-2019-002

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The COV found for LW percentage on 2 3 10 pieces was 21.07%. Density, RPI, and LW percentage results for both lumber sizes are comparable with the ones reported by Irby et al (2020) and Franc ¸a et al (2018aFranc ¸a et al ( , 2018bFranc ¸a et al ( , 2019aFranc ¸a et al ( , 2019b.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Flexural and Tensile Properties of f2x6 and 2x10 Southern Pine Lumber

Ucategui¹,

França²,

Seale³

et al. 2022

WFS

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Bending modulus of elasticity (MOE) and tensile properties parallel to the grain were studied on 702 pieces of 2 3 6 and 285 pieces of 2 3 10 No. 2 visually graded southern pine lumber. The overall rings per inch (RPI) in 2 3 6 pieces was 4.82, whereas 2 3 10 had an RPI average of 3.82. For latewood percentage (LW), 2 3 6 pieces found 45.88% of LW and 45.02% for 2 3 10 pieces. Bending MOE (E b ) mean for 2 3 6 was 10,615 MPa, whereas for 2 3 10 lumber, the mean was 13,665 MPa. The tension MOE (E t ) mean for 2 3 6 lumber was 11,339 MPa, whereas for 2 3 10 the mean was 9735 MPa. The ultimate tensile stress (UTS) mean for 2 3 6 lumber was 28.42 MPa and the overall mean UTS for 2 3 10 lumber was 24.51 MPa. Linear regression models were useful to explain the relationship between E b and E t . Strong coefficients of determination (r 2 5 0.70 and r 2 5 0.74) were found for both lumber sizes between these two properties. Moderate relationships (r 2 5 0.43 up to r 2 5 0.51) between E b and UTS were also found for both lumber sizes. However, weaker relationships were found between E t and UTS (r 2 5 0.32 up to r 2 5 0.40). Three distributions were fit to the E b , E t , and UTS data and evaluated for goodness of fit. The results suggest that E b of 2 3 6 lumber might be adequately modeled by a normal distribution, and tensile properties of 2 3 10 lumber might be adequately modeled by a lognormal distribution.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Flexural and Tensile Properties of f2x6 and 2x10 Southern Pine Lumber

Ucategui¹,

França²,

Seale³

et al. 2022

WFS

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“…Previous reports confirmed that the dynamic Young's modulus of lumber, as determined using the natural frequency of longitudinal vibrations, correlated strongly with MOE in softwood species (Arima et al 1990;Sobue and Mizukami 1993;Fujita et al 1995;Halabe et al 1997;Yang et al 2017;França et al 2019). Similar significant correlation coefficients were also found between the dynamic Young's modulus of lumber and MOE (r = 0.842) in the present study (Figure 4).…”

Section: Predictions Based On the Dynamic Young's Modulus Of Lumbersupporting

confidence: 91%

Predicting the bending properties of Larix sibirica lumber using nondestructive-testing methods

Tumenjargal

Ishiguri

Takahashi

et al. 2020

International Wood Products Journal

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This study aims to investigate whether it is possible to predict the modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) of lumber produced from different heights using the stress-wave velocity of standing trees or the dynamic Young's modulus of logs in Siberian larch (Larix sibirica). A total of 190 pieces of lumber (38 by 89 mm in cross section) were cut from 111 logs obtained from 25 standing trees. Significant positive correlation coefficients were found between the stress-wave velocity of standing trees and MOE (r = 0.776) and MOR (r = 0.702) of this lumber. The dynamic Young's modulus of the logs also correlated significantly with MOE (r = 0.745) and MOR (r = 0.584) values. The results obtained in the present study suggest that stress-wave velocity and dynamic Young's modulus are useful for selecting superior trees in tree breeding and sorting logs for producing structural lumber.

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“…Similar significant positive correlations between dynamic Young's modulus and MOE or MOR were found in 2 by 4 lumber of Cryptomeria japonica D. Don, Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata, and Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco [34], Southern pine [34,35], and L. sibirica [12].…”

Section: Table 7 Correlation Coefficients Between Annual Ring Width Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary evaluation for quality of dimension lumber in four common softwoods in Mongolia

et al. 2020

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The quality of dimension lumber (2 by 4 lumber) was preliminarily investigated in four common Mongolian softwoods: Pinus sylvestris L., Pinus sibirica Du Tour, Picea obovata Ledeb., and Larix sibirica Ledeb. to produce high quality dimension lumber for structural use. In total 61, 39, 67, and 37 pieces of lumber were prepared for Pinus sylvestris, Pinus sibirica, Picea obovata, and L. sibirica, respectively. The lumber was visually graded and then tested in static bending to obtain the 5% lower tolerance limits at 75% confidence level (f0.05) of the modulus of elasticity (MOE) and the modulus of rupture (MOR). In addition, the effects of sawing patterns on bending properties were also analyzed. The f0.05 of the MOE and MOR were 4.75 GPa and 15.6 MPa, 3.39 GPa and 11.0 MPa, 3.78 GPa and 11.7 MPa, and 6.07 GPa and 22.3 MPa for Pinus sylvestris, Pinus sibirica, Picea obovata, and L. sibirica, respectively. These results suggested that with a few exceptions, characteristic values of MOR in the four common Mongolian softwoods resembled those in similar commercial species already used. In visual grading, over 80% of total lumber was assigned to select structural and No. 1 grades in Pinus sylvestris and Pinus sibirica, whereas approximately 40% of total lumber in L. sibirica was No. 3 and out of grades. Sawing patterns affected bending properties in Pinus sylvestris and L. sibirica, but did not affect Pinus sibirica and Picea obovata. Dynamic Young's modulus was significantly correlated with bending properties of dimension lumber for the four species. Based on the results, it was concluded that dimension lumber for structural use can be produced from the four common Mongolian softwoods.

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Assessing Southern Pine 2x4 and 2x6 Lumber Quality: Longitudinal and Transverse Vibration

Cited by 17 publications

References 2 publications

Flexural and Tensile Properties of f2x6 and 2x10 Southern Pine Lumber

Flexural and Tensile Properties of f2x6 and 2x10 Southern Pine Lumber

Predicting the bending properties of Larix sibirica lumber using nondestructive-testing methods

Preliminary evaluation for quality of dimension lumber in four common softwoods in Mongolia

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