Assessing the effect of multiple variables on the production of bioflocculant by Serratia marcescens: Flocculating activity, kinetics, toxicity, and flocculation mechanism

In this study, biosorption potential of nine epiphytic bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of Lepironia articulata and Scirpus grossus were assessed. Identification of the isolated epiphytic rhizobacteria using 16S rRNA analysis showed species belonging to the four genera of Bacillus, Enterobacter, Aeromonas, and Chromobacterium. Batch biosorption studies were carried out to assess the capacity of the isolated bacteria to act as Pb and Cu biosorbents. Different initial concentrations of the two heavy metals (50, 100, 200, 300, and 400 ppm) were used to determine the ability of the biosorbent to reach a tolerance level and then calculate the percentage of biosorption with respect to 0.1 g dry weight. Initial concentration of Pb and Cu exposed showed that the isolated bacteria have high tolerance up to 400 ppm. Bacteria prefer Pb ions over Cu, which is indicated by higher removal of Pb in all tested reactors. Bacillus sp. (coded Sc1) showed the highest biosorption capacity with 100% Pb and 97% Cu removal.

Section: Investigation Of Biosorption Capabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosorption of Lead and Copper by Epiphytic Rhizobacterial Species Isolated from Lepironia articulata and Scirpus grossus

Al-Ajalin,

Idris,

Abdullah

et al. 2024

“…In addition, the high effi ciency of TSS reduction is due to the transportation mechanism, namely the movement of chocolate and the sedimentation process in the Slow Sand Filter. Brownian motion is a circular fl ow through the fi lter media layer, causing the suspended particles to collide with each other than the suspended particles will experience aggregation, when the suspended particles have agglomerated to become large enough to be retained by the fi lter media, the suspended particles were then experiencing settlement (Kurniawan et al, 2020b(Kurniawan et al, , 2022b(Kurniawan et al, , 2022a.…”

Section: Eff Ectiveness Of Ssf On Tss Parameter Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Modified Slow Sand Filter to Reduce Turbidity, Total Suspended Solids, and Iron in River Water as Water Treatment in Disaster Areas

Fitriani¹,

Wahyudianto²,

Salsabila³

et al. 2023

This study aimed to determine the ability to modify slow sand filter (SSF) media with silica sand or Anadara granosa shells on the efficiency of removal of turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), and iron in the water of Kali Jagir Surabaya as an effort to achieve clean water in disaster areas, to obtain the influence of variables, and to optimize the obtained results. The research data was processed using Design Expert 11 Software which factors consisted of media type, filtering speed, and running time, for the responses of removal efficiencies for each parameter. The reactor was operated continuously for 6 days, and samples were analyzed for turbidity parameters based on Indonesian standard (SNI 06-6989.25-2005); TSS and Iron Standard Method 23 rd 3500A. In addition, the results of the parameters were processed using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to show the significant effect of the variables on the efficiency of the elimination of all parameters. Optimal research was achieved in the SSF reactor unit with silica sand media type and filtering speed of 0.1 m/hour turbidity removal efficiency of 82.07%; TSS 89.5%; and 50.14% iron. However, the reactor that was chosen was the filtering speed of 0.1 m/hour with a flow rate of 22.8 L/day, while the SSF was suitable to be applied in disaster areas, which had a large discharge. Hence, the reactor is suitable for use in water sanitation in disaster areas, namely with a filtering speed of 0.3 m/hour which produces a discharge of 68.4 L/day with variations of sand, geotextile, and silica sand media.

“…On the basis of Figure 4, the surface morphology of the sand grain control sample is very rough and irregular (Kurniawan et al, 2022b). It has uneven edges and a lot of pores with the size of approximately 0.1 μm.…”

Section: Sem Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Schmutzdecke in Slow Sand Filter for Treating Domestic Wastewater

Ni’matuzahroh¹,

Fitriani²,

Nuswantara³

et al. 2022

This research aimed to discover the macroscopic, microscopic, and physiological characteristics and the genus of heterotrophic bacteria found in the schmutzdecke or biofilm layer in slow sand filters. The isolation of heterotrophic bacteria in the schmutzdecke applied the pour plate and quadrant streak method, while the characterization used macroscopic, microscopic, and physiological tests. Samples were taken from the schmutzdecke on top of the filter layer, and they were diluted 3, 4, and 5 times, then grown in Nutrient Agar media in order to isolate heterotrophic bacteria. The results of the research were analyzed using the identification manual books titled Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9 th edition and Manual for The Identification of Medical Bacteria, 3 rd edition. These manuals show the names of the genus of bacteria in the schmutzdecke layer. On the basis of the identification results from macroscopic, microscopic, and physiological tests, there were 4 dominant genera out of 18 living isolates obtained from the schmutzdecke layer, namely Kurthia gibsonii, Bacillus badius, Bacillus firmus, and Bacillus lentus. The similarity percentage of these 4 isolates was 83%, 81%, 85%, and 77% respectively.