Assessing the regional climate impact on terrestrial ecosystem over East Asia using coupled models with land use and land cover forcing during 1980–2010

Abstract

activities and climate change 11-13. However, existing studies focusing on the interaction between climate change and LULCC are mainly concentrated on the effects of the LULCC on regional climate change 5,14-19 , very few researches have been carried out on the issues about how the regional climate change influences LULCC. LULCC is a forcing impact on the surface heat fluxes, which leads to the climate changes at different spatial and temporal scales, and vice versa 20. Sivakumar 21 analyzed the two-way interactions between climate and desertification, and concluded that the variations in land degradation over the drylands mainly result from the climatic changes and human activities. During 1986-2003 in India, the enhanced increasing trend in meteorological conditions, especially temperature and precipitation, results in the increasing wasteland, uncultivated land and water body, but the decreases occur in the cultivated land. In addition, the decrease in forest may be attributed to the increase in built-up land and population 22. In sub-humid, semi-arid and arid regions, the land degradation resulted from the loss of vegetation cover is largely caused by climate change, which can impact species succession, hydrologic cycles and soil quality, and therefore expands the dryland areas 23-26. Alves et al. 26 found that climate change plays an important role on the land degradation (desertification) in Brazil from 1950 to 2013. Rahman 23 reported that total rainfall has significant effects on the increases in agricultural land use diversity over Bangladesh during 1948-2008. In China, Feng et al. 24 conducted the quantitative assessments of interactions between climate change and desertification through long-term monitoring from 1983 to 2012, and suggested that climate change accounts for roughly 46.6% of the effects on normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and desertification. Shi and Chen 27 pointed out that temperature exhibits a stronger correlation with NDVI compared to rainfall by analyzing the linkage between LULCC and climate change in Yunnan Province. The influences of climate change on land use change over Poyang Lake district are discernible during 1985-2035, and the global warming may even amplify these complex interactions. Thus, the variations in forest, grassland and cropland are more sensitive to climate change than unused land 19,28. With ongoing climate change, desertification shows an accelerated trend under the RCP 8.5 scenario over middle and northern Middle Asia, Mongolian Plateau and northwestern China, except for Xinjiang. Moreover, the RCP 8.5 scenario triggers a more strengthened trend of desertification in comparison with the RCP 2.6 scenario 29. Based on 30-year NDVI, Liu et al. 30 confirmed the importance of temperature on the phenological processes in China, and also suggested the incorporation of precipitation and temperature into phenological models to improve their performances. Through reviewing literature on relevant responses of ecosystems to extreme climate events, Frank et ...

New Drought Projections Over East Asia Using Evapotranspiration Deficits From the CMIP6 Warming Scenarios

“…Thus, agricultural sectors are dominantly located in the eastern part. However, Cao et al (2020) assessed that vegetation in the wet regions has decreased since the 1990s due to declining monsoonal P in southeastern China and rising temperatures in northern China.…”

Variations in precipitation extremes in the arid and semi‐arid regions of China

“…Based on the aforementioned analyses, stations with high values of extreme precipitation indices were generally marked as HH in local Moran's index, and stations with low values of extreme precipitation indices were marked as LL. The change in the tendency of the precipitation in arid and semi‐arid regions were overall influenced by many reasons, including atmospheric circulations, geopotential height, North Atlantic Oscillation, global warming, anthropogenic activities and so on (Hua et al ., 2017; Mo et al ., 2019; Wang et al ., 2019; Cao et al ., 2020). All the causes changed the extreme precipitation pattern in entire study area so that the stations and their adjacent stations were similarly changed.…”

Revealing the Land Use Volatility Process in Northern Southeast Asia

“…About three-quarters of the Earth's land surface have been altered within the last millennium as a result of human activities and natural processes [1][2][3], which also brings a variety of ecological and environmental problems [4][5][6]. Changes in land use and land cover affect directly the Earth's energy balance and the biogeochemical cycle, and also have an impact on hydrological processes and water cycles [7], climate change (precipitation and temperature) [8], carbon cycles [9], biodiversity [10], and forest degradation [11].…”

“…Land use change research has a long history, and the content is not limited by the time period or space [20][21][22]. It can be roughly divided into the assessment of the impact of land use change on the social sphere and environment, including on biodiversity or carbon emission [6,23,24], the analysis and research of the driving force of land use change, Land 2022, 11,1092 including socioeconomic drivers, institutional factors, social cultural drivers, and even transport and mobility [25][26][27][28][29], and the dynamic monitoring of land use change [30,31]. Of course, in addition to these basic research contents, there are also the development and improvement of research models for different land use change [29].…”