“…Previous studies have shown that BT can facilitate data exchange between owners, operators, contractors, suppliers and other parties while maintaining data privacy and security (Deepa et al. , 2022; Singh et al ., 2023a, b, c). Smart contracts, powered by BT, can also automate and streamline FM tasks, such as maintenance scheduling, asset tracking and payment processing, reducing administrative overhead and improving operational efficiency (Mason, 2017; Singh and Prasath Kumar, 2022).…”