Assessment of cardiac preload by indicator dilution and transoesophageal echocardiography

Abstract

Within the observed range of data, intrathoracic blood volume and end-diastolic area are equivalent indices of cardiac preload.

Left ventricular end-diastolic area is a measure of cardiac preload in patients with early septic shock

“…In addition, Tousignant et al [24] found only a modest correlation between left ventricular end-diastolic area and SV, and they attributed this modest correlation to the fact that many patients in their study had chronic heart disease and reduced left ventricular function. In contrast, Buhre et al [35] showed in their study of 10 patients with 'healthy hearts' that both left ventricular end-diastolic area and intrathoracic blood volume represented valid parameters of ventricular preload. However, these were healthy individuals who were not receiving catecholamines.…”

Transthoracic Focused Rapid Echocardiographic Examination: Real-Time Evaluation of Fluid Status in Critically Ill Trauma Patients

“…In fact, echocardiographic measurements of CO and preload are themselves often the gold standard against which new cardiovascular devices are tested. 15,16 The SVR was calculated, and the IVC diameter and diameter change were added elements of the FREE, which may be especially useful in critically ill trauma patients. The fundamental difference between a FREE and a standard transthoracic examination is in how the data are presented, as a result, the FREE was able to answer the clinical question in 87% of patients.…”

Prevention, diagnosis, therapy and follow-up care of sepsis: 1st revision of S-2k guidelines of the German Sepsis Society (Deutsche Sepsis-Gesellschaft e.V. (DSG)) and the German Interdisciplinary Association of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (Deutsche Interdisziplinäre Vereinigung für Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin (DIVI))

“…the transpulmonary indi cator dilution, echocardiography) are superior to filling pressures [229] , [230] , [231] , [232] . …”