Assessment of Root Morphology and Canal Configuration of Maxillary Premolars in a Saudi Subpopulation: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Study

Abstract

Background The objective of the current study was to use CBCT to look into the root canal morphology of maxillary premolars in a Saudi Arabian subpopulation and associate the results to existing canal morphology classifications. The sample size for this analysis was 500 right and left untreated maxillary premolars with fully formed roots from 250 Saudi residents (125 male and 125 female). The following observations were made using CBCT on the teeth related: (1) The number and morphology of roots; (2) The canal morphology for each root according to Vertucci's classification. The frequency and similarities between the right and left sides, as well as between females and males, were studied. The Chi-square test was used to assess the results. Results Of the 500 maxillary first premolars investigated, 199 teeth had one root (39.8%), whilst 293 (58.6%) were two-rooted. Three-rooted maxillary first premolars were found in 8 (1.6%). For maxillary second premolars, 416 premolars had one root (83.2%), while 79 (15.8%) had two roots and the rest 5 (1.0%) were three roots. There were significant differences of number of root were found between groups (p > 0.05). For maxillary first premolar, Type IV was the most frequent, accounting for 57.8% of the sample (n = 289), followed by type II (32.8%, n = 164). For maxillary second premolar, Type I was mainly occurrence 302 (60.4%), followed by Type II (16.4%, n = 82). Conclusion The more common of maxillary first premolars had two roots and two root canals, while one root and one root canal was the majority anatomical configuration for maxillary second premolars. Additional canal forms do occur on occasion, and clinicians should pay close attention to them.

Root and Root Canal System Morphology of Maxillary First Premolars in a Chilean Subpopulation: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study

“…The most frequent Vertucci configuration in our study was Type IV (41.3 %), followed by Type I (31.4 %). These observations are consistent with CBCT studies in populations in Spain, Brazil, China, South Africa, Saudi Arabia and Israel, which all reported that Vertucci Type IV was the most frequent configuration (over 50 %) (Abella et al;of Lima et al;Buchanan et al;Kfir et al;Al-Zubaidi et al, 2021). Our results also agree with Monardes et al, who found that the most prevalent morphological configuration in a Chilean population was 2MP B1 P1 using Ahmed's classification (Ahmed et al, 2017), equivalent to Vertucci Type IV.…”

Root and Canal Morphology of Mandibular Premolars in a Saudi Subpopulation: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study

“…e broad variety in root canal anatomy of these teeth makes conducting effective endodontic procedures the most complicated of all [18]. Several studies [19][20][21][22] reported that a high ratio of mandibular first premolars had multiple canals. Different ethnic or geographic groups can have different rates, locations, and morphologies of root canal systems [19][20][21][22].…”

“…Several studies [19][20][21][22] reported that a high ratio of mandibular first premolars had multiple canals. Different ethnic or geographic groups can have different rates, locations, and morphologies of root canal systems [19][20][21][22]. Mandibular premolars with two or more canals were observed in 13.7% of American people [19] and 46% of the Chinese population [20].…”