"Assisted Reproductive Technologies in Horses: A Systematic Review"

Abstract

In the past decades, there have been tremendous changes in equine reproduction. Assisted reproductive techniques (ART) for horses, such as in vitro oocyte maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilization (IVF), has been slow and with low success rates compared to other domestic species. The unique characteristics of equine oocytes such as morphology, gene expression, and developmental potential make it challenging to develop standardized IVM and IVF protocols. The aim of this review was to address all aspects of the current knowledge of IVM and IVF in horses.