Association Between Abo Blood Groups and Medical Characteristics for Children With Leukemia Attending Hiwa Cancer Hospital in Sulaimani City-Iraq

Abstract

Background 
 Leukemia is a hematological malignancy or cancer of the blood; it develops in the bone marrow, the soft inner part of bones where new blood cells are made. In a child with leukaemia, the bone marrow produces white blood cells that do not correctly mature Childhood leukaemia is the most common cancer, accounting for 29% of cancers in children; many studies were summarized that there is a strong correlation between the ABO groups and childhood leukaemia.
 Objectives 
 To identify the association between ABO Blood Groups and Medical Characteristics for Children with leukaemia Attending Hiwa Cancer Hospital in Sulaimani City.
 Methods
 A Quantitative-descriptive study has been carried out on (100) children diagnosed with leukaemia from Aug 1, 2019, to the end of March 2020 at Hiwa cancer Hospital in Sulaimani City/Iraq Questionnaire form conducted by the researcher for data collection Data analyzed by using statistical package of social science (SPSS) version 21.
 Results
 Main findings in the present study shows that (66%) of patients with leukaemia were males, ABO blood group distribution were 38% (O), 29% (A), 24% (B), and 9% (AB). Significant relationships were found between pediatric patients’ blood groups and their socio-demographic characteristics interim of residency and type of family. In addition, significant relations were found between the patient’s blood groups and medical characteristics regarding the type of leukaemia and both mother and father blood groups at (p<0.05). 
 Conclusion
 Findings in the present study concluded that is leukaemia more common among the type O blood group, followed by type A and B blood group. In addition, significant associations were found between case and control groups with their ABO blood group and type of leukaemia, mother’s blood group, and father’s blood group with ABO blood group.