Association between acculturation surrogates and alcohol consumption in rural-to-urban migrants: The PERU MIGRANT study

Abstract

Introduction There is a paucity of information about the association between acculturation and alcohol consumption in rural-to-urban migrants who move to urban environments usually characterized by a higher prevalence of alcohol consumption than their rural places of origin. Objectives To evaluate the cross-sectional association between surrogates of acculturation and alcohol consumption in Peruvian rural-to-urban migrants; to explore the effects of sex and age at migration on these associations; and to explore this association longitudinally. Methods Data from the PERU MIGRANT Study, which evaluated a cohort of Peruvian rural-to-urban migrants from 2007 to 2012, were analyzed. Four acculturation surrogates were evaluated: language preference on the radio, language spoken at home, Spanish proficiency, and length of residence in urban area. Alcohol consumption was defined as having consumed alcohol in the last year at the time of the baseline survey, while onset of alcohol consumption was defined as having consumed alcohol in the last year at the follow-up survey. Poisson regressions with robust variance were performed to estimate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) and relative risks (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses respectively. Results Data from 567 rural-to-urban migrants, mean age 47.6 years (SD ±11.5), 52% females, was included in the study. Crude cross-sectional analyses showed an association between acculturation surrogates and alcohol consumption, but these were not observed in adjusted regressions. In the sex-stratified analyses, only women showed an association between Spanish proficiency and alcohol consumption, where those with higher language proficiency had a 22% higher prevalence of alcohol consumption (PR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.04–1.43). Analyses stratified by age at migration showed no association between acculturation surrogates and alcohol consumption. On the longitudinal analyses, acculturation surrogates were not associated with the onset of alcohol consumption. Conclusions No association between acculturation surrogates and alcohol consumption in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were found. The only exception was observed in female migrants according to their Spanish proficiency and alcohol consumption .

Metabolic syndrome in rural Peruvian adults living at high altitudes using different cookstoves

“…Due to time constraints, we were not able to include a lifestyle questionnaire covering other risk factors related to MetS such as alcohol consumption, physical activity and family medical history at an individual level. The frequency of alcohol consumption found in this study corroborates provincial reports of alcohol intake, but differ from findings in other rural Andean populations [53,54]. In this setting, alcohol is mainly consumed at local festivities.…”

Disability and self-rated health: Exploring foreign- and U.S.-born differences across adulthood

“…Health selection has been found to be weaker for older immigrants than their working age counterparts ( Markides and Rote, 2019 ), ( Ghimire and Bhandari, 2020 ). Unhealthy assimilation to negative health behaviors ( Escobar-Agreda et al., 2021 ) and increased exposure to the potentially health deleterious environment ( Rivera-Navarro et al., 2020 ) in the U.S. have also been shown to lead to a health convergence between immigrants and U.S.-born individuals and may even result in worse health in old age ( Markides and Rote, 2019 ). If older immigrants are not recent migrants, then they must have a higher duration of exposure to the negative health environment found in the U.S. Additionally, the array of stressors embedded in the immigrant experience (e.g., discrimination; adaptation; isolation) can take a toll on one's health ( Castañeda et al., 2015 ), ( Rivera-Navarro et al., 2020 ; Markides and Gerst, 2011 ; Nguyen et al., 2021 ).…”

Factores asociados al fenotipo delgado metabólicamente obeso en pobladores peruanos

“…La principal diferencia entre los estudios que encontraron asociación significativa entre los factores en mención y los que no lo hicieron, fue el tamaño de la muestra. De hecho, un estudio previo realizado con la base de datos PERUMIGRANT sobre el consumo de alcohol y su asociación con variables culturales no encontró asociación y los autores estimaron que dichos resultados pudieron presentarse por el tamaño muestral (27). Esto, sumado a que el autoreporte de consumo de alcohol suele subestimar la ingesta real (28), debería ser considerado para interpretar con cautela los resultados del presente estudio.…”