Association between ceftiofur use and isolation of Escherichia coli with reduced susceptibility to ceftriaxone from fecal samples of dairy cows

Tragesser, Lesley A.; Wittum, Thomas E.; Funk, Julie A.; Winokur, Patricia L.; Rajala‐Schultz, Päivi J.

doi:10.2460/ajvr.67.10.1696

Cited by 106 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Consequently, to invade new populations, bla CMY-2 plasmids should encode a unique trait(s) that allows the plasmid-carrying population to expand where other plasmids cannot convey a similar selective advantage. Resistance to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins is considered the most likely trait, and the use of an expanded-spectrum cephalosporin (ceftiofur) in livestock has been implicated as an important selective pressure responsible for the expansion of bla CMY-2 plasmids in the enteric flora of livestock (40,43,48). Nevertheless, when (juvenile and adult) cattle are treated with ceftiofur, the results have not been consistent, suggesting that ceftiofur does not present a strong selective pressure in vivo (9,24,43,48).…”

mentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Resistance to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins is considered the most likely trait, and the use of an expanded-spectrum cephalosporin (ceftiofur) in livestock has been implicated as an important selective pressure responsible for the expansion of bla CMY-2 plasmids in the enteric flora of livestock (40,43,48). Nevertheless, when (juvenile and adult) cattle are treated with ceftiofur, the results have not been consistent, suggesting that ceftiofur does not present a strong selective pressure in vivo (9,24,43,48). bla CMY-2 plasmids have also been detected in places where ceftiofur and ceftriaxone are not used, such as in aquaculture farms (Edwardsiella ictaluri isolated from catfish) and in organic cattle farms in the United States (31,50).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Selection Pressure Required for Long-Term Persistence of bla _CMY-2 -Positive IncA/C Plasmids

Subbiah

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Shah

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Multidrug resistance bla CMY-2 plasmids that confer resistance to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins have been found in multiple bacterial species collected from different hosts worldwide. The widespread distribution of bla CMY-2 plasmids may be driven by antibiotic use that selects for the dissemination and persistence of these plasmids. Alternatively, these plasmids may persist and spread in bacterial populations in the absence of selection pressure if a balance exists among conjugative transfer, segregation loss during cell division, and fitness cost to the host. We conducted a series of experiments (both in vivo and in vitro) to study these mechanisms for three bla CMY-2 plasmids, peH4H, pAR060302, and pAM04528. Results of filter mating experiments showed that the conjugation efficiency of bla CMY-2 plasmids is variable, from <10؊7 for pAM04528 and peH4H to ϳ10 ؊3 for pAR060302. Neither peH4H nor pAM04528 was transferred from Escherichia coli strain DH10B, but peH4H was apparently mobilized by the coresident trimethoprim resistance-encoding plasmid pTmpR. Competition studies showed that carriage of bla CMY-2 plasmids imposed a measurable fitness cost on the host bacteria both in vitro (0.095 to 0.25) and in vivo (dairy calf model). Long-term passage experiments in the absence of antibiotics demonstrated that plasmids with limited antibiotic resistance phenotypes arose, but eventually drug-sensitive, plasmid-free clones dominated the populations. Given that plasmid decay or loss is inevitable, we infer that some level of selection is required for the long-term persistence of bla CMY-2 plasmids in bacterial populations.

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confidence: 58%

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confidence: 99%

Selection Pressure Required for Long-Term Persistence of bla _CMY-2 -Positive IncA/C Plasmids

Subbiah

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Shah

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Different studies described that the use of antimicrobials exerts a dominant selective pressure and may favor the spread of resistance genes (25)(26)(27). In this study, 100% (30/30) of mixed farms and 93.3% (14/15) of beef cattle farms used antimicrobials for the last 6 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli on Bavarian Dairy and Beef Cattle Farms

Schmid¹,

Hörmansdorfer²,

Messelhäußer³

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

137

135

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c Extended-spectrum ␤-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli strains are believed to be widely distributed among humans and animals; however, to date, there are only few studies that support this assumption on a regional or countrywide scale. Therefore, a study was designed to assess the prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli in dairy cows and beef cattle in the southern part of Bavaria, Germany. The study population included 30 mixed dairy and beef cattle farms and 15 beef cattle farms. Fecal samples, boot swabs, and dust samples were analyzed for ESBL-producing E. coli using selective media. PCR was performed to screen for CTX-M and ampC resistance genes. A total of 598 samples yielded 196 (32.8%) that contained ESBL-producing E. coli, originating from 39 (86.7%) of 45 farms. Samples obtained from mixed farms were significantly more likely to be ESBL-producing E. coli positive than samples from beef cattle farms (fecal samples, P < 0.001; boot swabs, P ‫؍‬ 0.014; and dust samples, P ‫؍‬ 0.041). A total of 183 isolates (93.4%) of 196 ESBL-producing E. coli-positive strains harbored CTX-M genes, CTX-M group 1 being the most frequently found group. Forty-six additional isolates contained ampC genes, and 5 of the 46 isolates expressed a bla CMY-2 gene. The study shows that ESBL-producing E. coli strains are commonly found on Bavarian dairy and beef cattle farms. Moreover, to our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of bla CMY-2 in cattle in Germany.

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“…Undesirably the available information does not permit estimation of the exposure of the gastrointestinal microbiota to these drugs or active metabolites. Nevertheless, correlation between the use of ceftiofur and the occurrence of resistance at herd level has been documented (Jorgensen et al, 2007;Tragesser et al, 2006), showing that the concentrations are sufficient namely to select for E. coli and Salmonella with resistance to 3 rd generation cephalosporins.…”

Section: Impact Of Cephalosporin Use On Selection and Amplification Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the public health risks of bacterial strains producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases and/or AmpC β-lactamases in food and food-producing animals

2011

EFSA Journal

246

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The potential contribution of food-producing animals or foods to public health risks by ESBL and/or AmpCproducing bacteria is related to specific plasmid-mediated ESBL and/or AmpC genes encoded by a number of organisms. The predominant ESBL families encountered are CTX-M, TEM, and SHV; the predominant AmpCfamily is CMY. The most common genes associated with this resistance in animals are bla CTX-M-1 (the most commonly identified ESBL), and bla CTX-M-14 , followed by bla and bla Among the genes encoding AmpC-type β-lactamases, bla CMY-2 is the most common.The bacterial species most commonly identified with these genes are Escherichia coli and non-typhoidal Salmonella. ESBL/AmpC transmission is mainly driven by integrons, insertion sequences, transposons and plasmids, some of which are homologous in isolates from both food-production animals and humans. Cefotaxime is used as the drug of choice for optimum detection of bla ESBL and/or bla AmpC genes. The preferred method for isolation of ESBL-and/or AmpC-producers is screening on selective agar preceded by selective enrichment in a broth.The establishment of risk factors for occurrence of ESBL/AmpC-producing bacteria is particularly complicated by the data unavailability or lack of its accuracy. The use of antimicrobials is a risk factor for the selection and spread of resistant clones, resistance genes and plasmids. Since most ESBL-and AmpC-producing strains carry additional resistances to other commonly-used veterinary drugs, generic antimicrobial use is a risk factor for ESBL/AmpC and it is not restricted specifically to the use of cephalosporins. An additional risk factor is extensive trade of animals in EU MS. There are no data on the comparative efficiency of individual control options in reducing public health risks caused by ESBL and/or AmpC-producing bacteria related to food-producing animals. Prioritisation is complex, but it is considered that a highly effective control option would be to stop all uses of cephalosporins/systemically active 3 rd /4 th generation cephalosporins, or to restrict their use (use only allowed under specific circumstances). As co-resistance is an important issue, it is also of high priority to decrease the total antimicrobial use in animal production in the EU. KEY WORDSResistance, ESBLs, AmpC, occurrence, transmission, control options, public health microbiology. SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ) was asked to deliver a Scientific Opinion on the public health risks of bacterial strains producing extended-spectrum beta (β)-lactamases (ESBL) and/or AmpC β-lactamases (AmpC) in food and foodproducing animals. In particular, the Panel was asked: (i) to propose a definition of the ESBL-and/or AmpC-producing bacterial strains and genes relevant for public health and linked to food-producing animals or food borne transmission; (ii) to review the information on the epidemiology of acquired resistance to broad spectrum cephalosporins including the genes coding for ...

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Association between ceftiofur use and isolation of Escherichia coli with reduced susceptibility to ceftriaxone from fecal samples of dairy cows

Cited by 106 publications

References 15 publications

Selection Pressure Required for Long-Term Persistence of bla _CMY-2 -Positive IncA/C Plasmids

Selection Pressure Required for Long-Term Persistence of bla _CMY-2 -Positive IncA/C Plasmids

Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli on Bavarian Dairy and Beef Cattle Farms

Scientific Opinion on the public health risks of bacterial strains producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases and/or AmpC β-lactamases in food and food-producing animals

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Association between ceftiofur use and isolation of Escherichia coli with reduced susceptibility to ceftriaxone from fecal samples of dairy cows

Cited by 106 publications

References 15 publications

Selection Pressure Required for Long-Term Persistence of bla CMY-2 -Positive IncA/C Plasmids

Selection Pressure Required for Long-Term Persistence of bla CMY-2 -Positive IncA/C Plasmids

Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli on Bavarian Dairy and Beef Cattle Farms

Scientific Opinion on the public health risks of bacterial strains producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases and/or AmpC β-lactamases in food and food-producing animals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Selection Pressure Required for Long-Term Persistence of bla _CMY-2 -Positive IncA/C Plasmids

Selection Pressure Required for Long-Term Persistence of bla _CMY-2 -Positive IncA/C Plasmids