Association between cigarette smoking and suicide in psychiatric inpatients

Sharifi, Hooman; Hessami, Zahra; Safa, Mitra; Hassan, Farhadi Mohammad; Reza, Masjedi Mohammad

doi:10.1186/1617-9625-11-5

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…There was no significant difference between smoking and gender in our study. In a study in Korea in middle and high school students, the most highly correlated variables with suicidal attempts were smoking, depression, and inhalation experience (48). There was a significant association between smoking and suicide attempt in our study, too.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…In another study on 950 psychiatric adult patients with serious mental illnesses who were admitted to Razi Mental Health Hospital in Tehran, Iran, 70% of samples (73.2% males and 26.8% females) were smokers, and 219 participants had a history of suicide attempt. In the regression analysis model, gender, age, and cigarette smoking were significantly related to previous suicide attempts (19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In a study in Tehran on 984 patients with Serious Mental Illness (SMI), 70% of participants were smokers, 4.8% were former smokers, and 70.0% were occasional smokers (19). The prevalence rate of current smoking in 365 male adolescent students in Zarandieh City, Iran was 15.1% (20).…”

Section: Evidence Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Correlates of Cigarette Smoking in Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatients in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study and Narrative Review

et al. 2019

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Context: Smoking in adolescence is a worldwide health problem. Understanding the prevalence of smoking and its clinical correlates in adolescent inpatients is useful for mental health staff to plan effective programs to reduce its detrimental consequences. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and correlates of cigarette smoking and its sociodemographic and clinical correlates. We performed a narrative review of cigarette smoking prevalence among adolescents as well as a descriptive study in inpatient adolescents in Iran. Evidence Acquisition: This was a multicentric, cross-sectional, and hospital-based survey. In total, 82 patients (male/female: 66.9% vs. 33.1%) were consecutively recruited from 5 child and adolescent inpatient psychiatric wards of Iran. The study data were collected from patients, their family members and patients' medical records. The descriptive statistics, Pearson's chi-squared test, and univariate logistic regression analyses were employed to analyze the obtained data. Additionally, we added a narrative review to understand the prevalence rate of smoking and its clinical correlates in adolescent inpatients. Results: The prevalence rate of smoking was 30% in our study sample (24.5% in boys and 39.5 % in girls). There was a significant association between smoking with family size, history of suicide attempt, physical illness, drug misuse in patients, and alcohol or drug misuse in family members. The prevalence of mood disorders in the nonsmokers and smokers were 37.5% and 62.5%, respectively. Overall, 26.6% of the subjects had a history of suicide attempt of whom, 52.9% were smokers. Conclusions: Results of this study about the association between smoking with family size, history of suicide attempt, physical illness, drug misuse, and other related factors, call for both careful screening of smoking and specially designed integrated psychiatric/smoking treatments in these patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Prevalence and Correlates of Cigarette Smoking in Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatients in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study and Narrative Review

et al. 2019

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“…One study from Kosovo reported unclear findings, as daily smoking was associated with suicidal ideation among males but not females [ 60 ]. Eight studies [ 56 , 70 , 87 – 89 , 93 – 95 ] reported a positive association with non-fatal suicidal behaviour, while four studies [ 60 , 89 , 94 , 96 ] reported a null association.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substance use and suicidal ideation and behaviour in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review

2018

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BackgroundUnderstanding relationships between substance use and suicidal ideation and behaviour (SIB) has important public health implications for suicide prevention in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where 75% of suicides occur. This systematic review explored the associations between substance use and SIB in LMICs.MethodsWe searched five databases using a combination of keywords for substance use, SIB and LMICs to identify English-written quantitative studies published between January 2006 and February 2016. Data were extracted to provide an overview of what is known about the topic, highlight gaps in the literature, and explore the implications of current knowledge for suicide prevention. Studies included in the review were assessed for methodological quality using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network checklist.ResultsAnalysis of included studies (N = 108) demonstrated a consistent positive association between substance use and SIB across all substances (i.e. alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, illicit drugs, non-medical use of prescription drugs), all substance use dimensions (i.e. intoxication, use, and pathological use) and all SIB dimensions (i.e. suicidal ideation, non-fatal suicidal behaviour, and suicide). Most of the available research evidence comes from upper-middle-income countries, only 22% comes from lower-middle-income and low-income countries. Most studies focused on alcohol and tobacco, while neglecting substances such as cannabis, opioids, sedatives, stimulants, misuse of prescription medication, inhalants, and hallucinogens. Most of the studies employed a cross-sectional design, were conducted within a risk-factor paradigm, and provided little information about the potential interaction between variables.ConclusionsPublic health suicide prevention policy and research in LMICs should take account of the fact that: substance use is a potentially modifiable risk factor; assessment and management of substance use is integral to the care of at-risk patients; reducing consumption and hazardous use of substances in LMICs is important for suicide prevention; and research needs to be expanded to include more theory driven research that focuses on all substance use dimensions and SIB dimensions, while employing more sophisticated statistical methods.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-5425-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Iran is a developing country where the smoking rate (14.8%) is lower than that observed in many developed countries. [ 8 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of obstructive lung disease study in Tehran: Prevalence and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

et al. 2015

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Background:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was ranked the sixth-most common cause of death worldwide in 1990, but now it is the third-most common cause. The goal of the present study was to assess the prevalence and determine the causes and risk factors of COPD in Tehran.Materials and Methods:This study followed a stratified cluster sampling strategy with proportional allocation within strata. The target population was all non-institutionalized inhabitants, aged 18 to 40 in one group and over 40 in another who resided in Tehran in 2013. The core questionnaire was developed from pre-existing validated questionnaires that had already been used in multi-national studies. The single most important outcome measure obtained as part of this protocol was spirometry before and after the administration of 200 mg (two puffs) of salbutamol.Results:The most commonly reported respiratory symptoms were: sputum production in 291 patients (16.2%) [95% confidence interval (CI): 14.5-17.9%], chronic cough in 171 (9.5%) (95% CI: 8.2-10.9%), wheezing in 377 (21.0%) (95%CI: 19.1-22.9%) and dyspnea in 388 patients (21.6%) (95% CI: 19.7-23.5%). The overall COPD prevalence defined by the post-bronchodilator spirometric functional criteria was 9.2%. This value in men (10.1%) was higher than in women (8.5%); the prevalence was significantly higher in subjects aged over 55 years (P ≤ 0.002). The prevalence of COPD was strongly dependent on smoking status, especially in ex-smokers, and increased considerably with age. 69% of patients with COPD were non-smoker.Conclusion:The high prevalence of verified COPD, a great deal of which was undiagnosed before by a physician, highlights the necessity of raising awareness of this disease among health professionals, and use of spirometry in the primary care setting. A future cross-sectional and prospective cohort study should be performed to explore all risk factors and their impact on decline in lung function and worsening of respiratory symptoms especially in non-smokers.

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Association between cigarette smoking and suicide in psychiatric inpatients

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

Prevalence and Correlates of Cigarette Smoking in Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatients in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study and Narrative Review

Prevalence and Correlates of Cigarette Smoking in Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatients in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study and Narrative Review

Substance use and suicidal ideation and behaviour in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review

Burden of obstructive lung disease study in Tehran: Prevalence and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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