Association between equol production and metabolic syndrome in Japanese women in their 50s-60s

Takahashi, Atsushi; Kokubun, Masae; Anzai, Yukio; Kogre, Atsuko; Ogata, Takashi; Imaizumi, Hiromichi; Fujita, Masashi; Hayashi, Manabu; Abe, Kazumichi; Ohira, Hiromasa

doi:10.1097/gme.0000000000002052

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…13 On the other hand, there are limited and contradictory studies on the relationships between equol and NAFLD. 14 An increased incidence of NAFLD after menopause in women [2][3][4] and our previous findings 11,12 suggest the possibility that NAFLD can be affected by equol production in postmenopausal women. This study examined the association between equol and NAFLD in postmenopausal women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

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Association between equol and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in Japanese women in their 50s and 60s

Takahashi

Takahata

Kokubun³

et al. 2023

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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Background and AimEquol is a metabolite of soy isoflavone and has estrogenic activity. The incidence of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increases after menopause in women, which is thought to result in a decrease in estrogen. This study aimed to evaluate the association between equol and NAFLD.MethodsWe evaluated 1185 women aged 50–69 years who underwent health check‐ups at four health centers in Fukushima, Japan. Equol producers were defined by a urinary equol concentration of 1.0 μM or more. In addition to comparison between equol producers and non‐producers, the association between equol and NAFLD was estimated using logistic regression analysis adjusting for fast walking and eating habits.ResultsOf the 1185 participants, 345 (29.1%) women were equol producers. The proportions of women who had NAFLD (34.8% vs 45.2%) were significantly lower in the equol‐producing group than in the non‐producing group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that equol production was significantly associated with NAFLD (odds ratio = 0.66, 95% confidence interval: 0.51–0.86).ConclusionsEquol production was significantly associated with NAFLD in women in their 50s and 60s.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Equol plays a favorable role in hormone‐dependent conditions such as menopause symptoms, 8 osteoporosis, 9 and breast cancer 10 by acting as either an estrogen receptor agonist or antagonist. Moreover, we recently showed the association between equol and obesity 11 or metabolic syndrome 12 in postmenopausal women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Association between equol and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in Japanese women in their 50s and 60s

Takahashi

Takahata

Kokubun³

et al. 2023

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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“…Equol, a metabolite of soy isoflavone daidzein, has estrogenic and antioxidant activity [ 25 ]. Several studies have showed that equol has a beneficial impact on metabolic diseases [ 26 , 27 ]. But, estrogen-dependent diseases such as UL, are likely to be exacerbated by the estrogenic effects of equol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary phytoestrogens and the risk of uterine leiomyomata in US women

Yang

Chen

2023

BMC Women's Health

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Background Uterine leiomyomata (UL) is a common gynecological disease in women. Studied on the relationship between single metabolites of urinary phytoestrogens and UL, especially for the combined effects of mixed metabolites on UL still are insufficient. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we included 1,579 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Urinary phytoestrogens were assessed by measuring urinary excretion of daidzein, genistein, equol, O-desmethylangolensin, enterodiol and enterolactone. The outcome was defined as UL. Weighted logistic regression was used to analyze the association between single metabolites of urinary phytoestrogens and UL. Notably, we adopted the weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), and quantile g-computation (qgcomp) models, to investigate the combined effects of six mixed metabolites on UL. Results The prevalence of UL was approximately 12.92%. After adjusting age, race/ethnicity, marital status, drinking status, body mass index, waist circumference, menopausal status, ovary removed status, use of female hormones, hormones/hormone modifiers, total energy, daidzein, genistein, O-desmethylangolensin, enterodiol, and enterolactone, the association of equol with UL was significant [Odds ratio (OR) = 1.92, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09–3.38]. In the WQS model, mixed metabolites of urinary phytoestrogen had a positive association with UL (OR = 1.68, 95%CI: 1.12–2.51), with the highest weighted chemical of equol. In the gpcomp model, equol had the largest positive weight, followed by genistein and enterodiol. In the BKMR model, equol and enterodiol have positive correlation on UL risk, while enterolactone has negative correlation. Conclusion Our results implied a positive association between the mixed metabolites of urinary phytoestrogen and UL. This study provides evidence that urinary phytoestrogen-metabolite mixture was closely related to the risk of female UL.

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“…Among the 1345 postmenopausal women, the equol-producing group had a significantly lower percentage of participants with metabolic syndrome than the equol non-producing group (6.6% vs. 10.9%). 58 Two population studies supported that, compared with equol non-producers, the equol-producing phenotype was associated with a lower risk of aortic calcification and coronary artery calcification. 59 Metabotypes are also likely to be used to predict obesity prevalence, with an association found between obesity and non-producers of ODMA in both peri- and postmenopausal women.…”

Section: Microbial Metabolism and Role Of Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Exploring substrate–microbe interactions: a metabiotic approach toward developing targeted synbiotic compositions

Speckmann,

Ehring,

et al. 2024

Gut Microbes

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Gut microbiota is an important modulator of human health and contributes to high inter-individual variation in response to food and pharmaceutical ingredients. The clinical outcomes of interventions with prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have been mixed and often unpredictable, arguing for novel approaches for developing microbiome-targeted therapeutics. Here, we review how the gut microbiota determines the fate of and individual responses to dietary and xenobiotic compounds via its immense metabolic potential. We highlight that microbial metabolites play a crucial role as targetable mediators in the microbiota-host health relationship. With this in mind, we expand the concept of synbiotics beyond prebiotics’ role in facilitating growth and engraftment of probiotics, by focusing on microbial metabolism as a vital mode of action thereof. Consequently, we discuss synbiotic compositions that enable the guided metabolism of dietary or co-formulated ingredients by specific microbes leading to target molecules with beneficial functions. A workflow to develop novel synbiotics is presented, including the selection of promising target metabolites (e.g. equol, urolithin A, spermidine, indole-3 derivatives), identification of suitable substrates and producer strains applying bioinformatic tools, gut models, and eventually human trials. In conclusion, we propose that discovering and enabling specific substrate–microbe interactions is a valuable strategy to rationally design synbiotics that could establish a new category of hybrid nutra-/pharmaceuticals.

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Association between equol production and metabolic syndrome in Japanese women in their 50s-60s

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Association between equol and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in Japanese women in their 50s and 60s

Association between equol and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in Japanese women in their 50s and 60s

Urinary phytoestrogens and the risk of uterine leiomyomata in US women

Exploring substrate–microbe interactions: a metabiotic approach toward developing targeted synbiotic compositions

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