Association Between Gender Confirmation Treatments and Perceived Gender Congruence, Body Image Satisfaction, and Mental Health in a Cohort of Transgender Individuals

Owen-Smith, Ashli; Gerth, Joseph; Sineath, R. Craig; Barzilay, Joshua I.; Becerra-Culqui, Tracy A.; Getahun, Darios; Giammattei, Shawn V.; Hunkeler, Enid M.; Lash, Timothy L.; Millman, Andrea; Nash, Rebecca; Quinn, Virginia P.; Robinson, Brandi; Roblin, Douglas W.; Sanchez, Travis; Silverberg, Michael J.; Tangpricha, Vin; Valentine, Cadence; Winter, Savannah; Woodyatt, Cory; Song, Yongjia; Goodman, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.01.017

Cited by 160 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…One study showed that following GAHT, MTFs experienced less body uneasiness, but FTMs did not share the same benefit, possibly due to discomfort at a personal rather than social level [54]. The rest of the studies strongly established that GAHT reduces body discomfort and increases body-gender congruence and body image satisfaction, most likely due to a reduction of the discrepancy in characteristics between natal sex and gender identity [35•, 39,42, 43, 48, 55, 56]. Finally, noticeable decreases in eating disorder psychopathology and symptoms were documented by Testa et al [55] and Jones et al [56], although Turan et al [39] did not find a correlation between GAHT and eating attitudes or behaviors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Affirming Hormone Use in Transgender Individuals: Impact on Behavioral Health and Cognition

Nguyen

Chavez

Lipner

et al. 2018

Curr Psychiatry Rep

130

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Purpose of Review With increasing numbers of transgender and gender non-binary individuals presenting for care, knowing how to elucidate the mental health and cognitive outcomes of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) is necessary. This article reviews the present literature covering GAHT effects on mood, behavioral health, and cognition in these individuals and offers research priorities to address knowledge gaps. Recent Findings Although there are some conflicting data, GAHToverwhelmingly seems to have positive psychological effects in both adolescents and adults. Research tends to support that GAHT reduces symptoms of anxiety and depression, lowers perceived and social distress, and improves quality of life and self-esteem in both male-to-female and female-to-male transgender individuals. Summary Clinically, prescribing GAHT can help with gender dysphoria-related mental distress. Thus, timely hormonal intervention represents a crucial tool for improving behavioral wellness in transgender individuals, though effects on cognitive processes fundamental for daily living are unknown. Future research should prioritize better understanding of how GAHT may affect executive functioning.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Affirming Hormone Use in Transgender Individuals: Impact on Behavioral Health and Cognition

Nguyen

Chavez

Lipner

et al. 2018

Curr Psychiatry Rep

130

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“…Pfeffer (2008) found that within their sample of five cisgender female partners of transgender men, the participants reported their partner's transition often led to their own internal questioning around sexuality and identity and affected their body image. While it is previously been found that transgender individual's body image generally improves through the transition process (Owen-Smith et al, 2018) it is surprising the partner body image can also be affected. This may be due to the transition increasing the spotlight on particular body parts.…”

Section: Partner Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 93%

The quality and satisfaction of romantic relationships in transgender people: A systematic review of the literature

Marshall

Glazebrook

Robbins-Cherry

et al. 2020

International Journal of Transgender Health

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Introduction: Romantic relationships are often a significant area of individuals' lives and can have a positive impact on wellbeing. There is often a belief within society of romantic relationships ending upon the start of gender affirming transition, however this is often not reflected within clinical work or research studies. Despite this, currently not enough is known about romantic relationships for transgender individuals and their partners, and the impact gender affirming transition can have on the quality and satisfaction of these relationships. Aim: To critically and systematically review the available literature examining quality and satisfaction of romantic relationships for transgender individuals and their partners. Methods: Using PRISMA guidelines, major databases (Pubmed, PsycINFO and Web of Science) and relevant reference lists were searched for suitable articles up to January 2020. Each included article was assessed for methodological quality and the demographic data, methods and findings linked to relationship quality and satisfaction was extracted for analysis. Results: From 151 potentially relevant articles, 14 studies (six quantitative, eight qualitative) were included within the review. Most studies displayed moderate risk of bias due to crosssectional designs and lack of reflexivity. Findings from quantitative studies suggest a bi-directional relationship between transition, relationship quality and satisfaction and wellbeing. Qualitative studies suggest transition can cause personal challenges for both transgender individuals and partners. Maintenance activities help buffer the impact of these challenges on relationship satisfaction and ensure positives are possible from relationships. Discussion: Gender affirming transition can impact on the quality and satisfaction of romantic relationships. Due to additional challenges transgender individuals and their partners may face, adequate support is required at personal, community and clinical level. There is a paucity of research in this area and current studies lack methodological rigor. Future research is essential to gain a further understanding of transgender relationships and the support required.

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“…The surgery-specific differences between TM and TF study participants are also consistent with expectations. Previous reports indicate that chest surgery is more common among TM relative to TF people while TF individuals are far more likely to seek genital sex reassignment surgery compared to TM subjects [12, 13]. It is important to keep in mind that chest reconstruction surgery is considered an essential step toward improving body image among TM persons [14, 15] whereas TF individuals can achieve visible breast augmentation by hormone therapy alone [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agreement between medical records and self-reports: Implications for transgender health research

Gerth

Becerra-Culqui

Bradlyn

et al. 2018

Rev Endocr Metab Disord

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A key priority of transgender health research is the evaluation of long-term effects of gender affirmation treatment. Thus, accurate assessment of treatment receipt is critical. The data for this analysis came from an electronic medical records (EMR) based cohort of transgender individuals. A subset of cohort members were also asked to complete a self-administered survey. Information from the EMR was compared with survey responses to assess the extent of agreement regarding transmasculine (TM)/transfeminine (TF) status, hormone therapy receipt, and type of surgery performed. Logistic regression models were used to assess whether participant characteristics were associated with disagreement between data sources. Agreement between EMR and survey-derived information was high regarding TM/TF status (99%) and hormone therapy receipt (97%). Lower agreement was observed for chest reconstruction surgery (72%) and genital reconstruction surgery (84%). Using survey responses as the "gold standard", both chest and genital reconstruction surgeries had high specificity (95 and 93%, respectively), but the corresponding sensitivities were low (49 and 68%, respectively). A lower proportion of TM had concordant results for chest reconstruction surgery (64% versus 79% for TF) while genital reconstruction surgery concordance was lower among TF (79% versus 89% for TM). For both surgery types, agreement was highest among the youngest participants. Our findings offer assurance that EMR-based data appropriately classify cohort participants with respect to their TM/TF status or hormone therapy receipt. However, current EMR data may not capture the complete history of gender affirmation surgeries. This information is useful in future studies of outcomes related to gender affirming therapy.

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Association Between Gender Confirmation Treatments and Perceived Gender Congruence, Body Image Satisfaction, and Mental Health in a Cohort of Transgender Individuals

Cited by 160 publications

References 51 publications

Gender-Affirming Hormone Use in Transgender Individuals: Impact on Behavioral Health and Cognition

Gender-Affirming Hormone Use in Transgender Individuals: Impact on Behavioral Health and Cognition

The quality and satisfaction of romantic relationships in transgender people: A systematic review of the literature

Agreement between medical records and self-reports: Implications for transgender health research

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