Association between heart failure and the incidence of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background The association between heart failure (HF) patients and the incidence of cancer is not well understood, with conflicting results to date. Objective The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate whether patients with HF have a higher risk of developing cancer. Material and Methods We performed a systematic literature search using PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for relevant articles from inception until 10th December 2022. Primary clinical outcomes were the incidence of cancer. Secondary endpoints were the incidence of breast cancer, lung cancer, hematological cancer, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer. Results A total of 10 articles with 7,335,834 (518,105 Heart Failure vs. 6,817,729 non-Heart Failure) patients were involved in the analysis. The mean age of the patients with HF and the non-HF group was 70.0 and 69.2 years. The median follow-up duration was 5.1 years. The most common Comorbidity among both groups includes DM (27.67% vs. 14.53%) and HTN (81.88% vs. 57.5%). Patients with HF were associated with a significant increase in the incidence of cancer, [HR, 1.43 (95%CI: 1.22-1.68), P<0.001], breast cancer [HR, 1.28 (95%CI: 1.09-1.50), P<0.00], lung cancer [HR, 1.89 (95%CI: 1.25-2.85), P<0.001), hematological cancer [HR, 1.63 (95%CI: 1.15-2.33), P=0.01), colorectal cancer [HR, 1.32 (95%CI: 1.11-1.57), P<0.001) compared with patients without HF. However, the incidence of prostate cancer was comparable between both groups [HR, 0.97 (95%CI: 0.66-1.43), p=0.88]. Conclusion This meta-analysis confirms that the state of heart failure is associated with a higher risk for incident cancer. These data may aid in raising awareness with physicians that cancer may develop in patients with prevalent heart failure and that early screening and evaluation may be useful in an early diagnosis of cancer.

Pathways in the brain, heart and lung influenced by SARS-CoV-2 NSP6 and SARS-CoV-2 regulated miRNAs: anin silicostudy hinting cancer incidence

“…59 Galectins act as modulators of tumour progression. 60 SARS-CoV-2 infection lead to many cardiovascular complications and postacute sequelae, 8,9,11,56,61,62 including myocardial inflammation. [63][64][65][66] Many reports point out link between heart failure (HF) and cancer incidence.…”

“…[63][64][65][66] Many reports point out link between heart failure (HF) and cancer incidence. 62,67,68,[68][69][70][71][72][73][74] Systemic inflammatory signals were shown to be promoting cancer. 69 Cancer incidence post COVID is still unclear and our study hints in this direction.…”

Association between Statin Use and Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity: A Meta-Analysis

“…This meta-analysis was conducted and reported following the PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis) 2020 guidelines and performed according to established methods, as described previously [19][20][21][22].…”

Cardio-Oncology: A New Discipline in Medicine and Its Relevance to Hematology

“…Translational research has shown an important bidirectional relationship between heart failure (HF) and cancer development, e.g., due to hypoxia, or inflammatory mechanisms. [6][7][8] Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is the clonal expansion of mutated hematopoietic stem cells without evidence of hematological malignancy. CHIP has been identified as an independent risk factor for the development and progression of atherosclerotic disease, HF, and adverse outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve repair.…”