Association between Hypertension and the .ALPHA.-Adducin, .BETA.1-Adrenoreceptor, and G-Protein .BETA.3 Subunit Genes in the Japanese Population; the Suita Study

Abstract

eases, and a single study even employing 1,880 subjects may lack the statistical power to detect a real association. Accordingly, it will be necessary to verify the association between these three genes and hypertension using a larger number of subjects from the Suita cohort or another population.

Association of the C825T polymorphism of the G-protein β3 subunit gene with hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, diabetes, diabetic complications, and diabetic therapies among Japanese

“…Results from studies on Japanese subjects are contradictory, in which three studies showed a positive association with hypertension 1 0 and three studies a negative association. [22][23][24][25][26] As we have shown that diastolic blood pressure is significantly lower in TT homozygotes than in CC homozygotes in the subjects from general health examinations, while the TT, CT, and CC carriers show the same frequencies of hypertension in the subjects with diabetes, we may therefore not associate this polymorphism with hypertension.…”

“…Almost the same frequency as previously reported in Japanese subjects (0.46 -0.59). 4,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28] The frequency varies to some extent among other races: in America Indians, 0.11 -0.33; in Caucasians, 0.21 -0.38; in Mongolians 0.42 -0.52; and in black Africans, 0.65 -0.91. 3 G protein activation is enhanced in immortalized lymphoblasts from German patients with essential hypertension.…”

“…The C825T polymorphism has not been found to be associated with diabetic nephropathy in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. 18,19,26 The development of diabetic nephropathy has only been found in German and Polish patients with type 2 diabetes. 5,9 The total cholesterol levels were significantly higher in Japanese subjects with the T allele.…”

“…3 The roles of the 825T allele in hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and diabetic complications have been controversial in Caucasians 2,3,5-21 and Japanese. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Thus, we investigated how this genetic polymorphism in the GNB3 is associated with hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetic complications, and diabetic therapies among Japanese.…”

Genetic Influences of .BETA.-Adrenoceptor Polymorphisms on Arterial Functional Changes and Cardiac Remodeling in Hypertensive Patients

“…A number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of β ADR subtypes have recently been reported to be positional candidate genes for cardiovascular diseases ( 12 , 13 ). For instance, the genotype of the Arg389Gly polymorphism in the human β 1 -adrenoceptor ( β 1 ADR) gene is reported to be associated with acute myocardial infarction ( 14 ) and hypertensive status ( 15 ), an association study ( 16 ) suggested that the gene encoding the β 2 -adrenoceptor ( β 2 ADR) was associated with essential hypertension; and the Arg64 allele of the β 3 -adrenoceptor ( β 3 ADR) gene is associated with obesity-related phenotypes ( 17 ), insulin resistance, hypertension, coronary artery disease and earlier age of onset of diabetes ( 18 ). The essential effects of the three β ADRs, however, need to be further clarified.…”