Association between IL-1A and IL-1B gene polymorphisms with peri-implantitis in a Portuguese population—a pilot study

Abstract

Background Scientific evidence indicates that biological complications in dental implants tend to be concentrated in a subset of individuals, which seems to imply that the host response may play a determining role in implant success. Over the last few decades, several polymorphisms have been studied. Polymorphisms in the interleukin (IL) 1 gene cluster have been associated with periodontitis. There are some similar features in the sequence of immunopathological events in peri-implant and periodontal infections. We aimed to investigate if individuals carrying the genetic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the IL-1A (rs1800587) and IL-1B (rs1143634) genes are more susceptible to develop peri-implantitis. Methods A cross-sectional analytic pilot study was conducted in 20 Caucasian Portuguese subjects divided into two groups: 10 subjects with peri-implantitis and 10 subjects with peri-implant health (control group). Samples containing cells from the buccal mucosa were stored at −20 °C and later submitted to the DNA extraction process. Genetic analysis was performed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistical methodologies. Results For the IL-1A (−889) gene polymorphism, it was observed that the mutated allele was present in a higher percentage in the peri-implantitis group compared to the control group (30% vs 15% respectively, Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.45). For the IL-1B (+3954) gene polymorphism, it was also observed that the altered allele was present in a higher percentage in the disease group compared to the control group (35% vs 10% respectively, Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.13). The positive genotype (at least one allele with nucleotide sequence changed in both genes) was detected in six patients, five belonging to the disease group and one to the health group. Conclusions Regarding IL-1 gene polymorphisms, there was no statistically significant difference between the health and disease group, however a trend should be highlighted, showing a potential link between the IL-1 genotype and peri-implantitis. More studies are needed to clarify the role of genetic polymorphisms in the development of peri-implantitis.

Genetic polymorphisms of inflammatory and bone metabolism related proteins in a population with dental implants of the Basque Country. A case-control study

“…Although we know MBL can be the first sign of PI, the final diagnosis must be confirmed by other clinical parameters (BOP, suppuration, increased PD) [ 2 ]. The absence on this relation matches the results obtained by other authors [ 8 , 9 , 32 ], which were also performed with similar and more up-to-date diagnostic criteria of PI.…”

The role of probiotic therapy on clinical parameters and human immune response in peri-implant diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical studies

“…Cardoso et al. ( 24 ) in a pilot study that included a sample of 20 subjects, found a possible relationship between the IL-1 genotype and peri-implantitis, although another larger study on 98 subjects found no differences in the IL-8 polymorphism between groups with peri-implantitis and healthy subjects ( 55 ).…”

“…Biofilms together with the breakdown products of peri-implant bone tissue, in the case of peri-implantitis, appear to result in a local immune response in the infected tissue and the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, associated with the stimulation of fibroblasts, endothelial cells and osteoclasts ( 24 ). IL-6 also induces bone resorption and, moreover, acts synergistically together with IL-1β, and it has been shown that the levels of both cytokines in peri-implant gingivocrevicular fluid (PGF) are higher in areas with peri-implantitis than in healthy areas ( 25 ), although cytokine levels in healthy areas are not perfectly defined ( 26 ).…”

The Influence of Genetic Polymorphisms on the Expression of Interleukin-1beta, Prostaglandin E2 and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha in Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…Our research group carried out a pilot study in which we observed that although there were no statistically significant differences in the IL-1A -889 and IL-1B +3954 polymorphisms between the healthy and peri-implantitis groups, there was a trend towards a higher prevalence of genetic polymorphisms in the disease group [ 52 ]. The IL-1RN (VNTR) polymorphism was not assessed in that study.…”