Association between obesity and its determinants with chronic periodontitis: A cross-sectional study

Gulati, Neha; Masamatti, Sujata Surendra; Chopra, Priyanka

doi:10.4103/jisp.jisp_157_19

Cited by 20 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Chronic periodontitis is a common clinical disease. It is acknowledged as a chronic inflammation of periodontal supporting tissue caused by local factors, which usually occurs in patients over 35 years old [ 1 , 2 ]. Diabetes is a common chronic systemic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application value of combination therapy of periodontal curettage and root planing on moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes

Bian

Liu

2021

Head Face Med

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Background Our study attempted to observe the value of periodontal curettage combined with root planing on moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods There involved 72 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2019. The patients enrolled were randomly divided into four groups using a computer-generated table: root planing and periodontal curettage combined group (n = 18), root planning group (n = 18), periodontal curettage group (n = 18) and cleansing group (n = 18). Blood glucose, plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL), serum levels of inflammatory factors (Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha [TNF- α] and hypersensitive C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]) were observed before and after treatment. The collecting dates were analyzed by the chi-square χ 2 test, repeated measurement analysis of variance, or t-test according to different data types and research objectives. Results Before treatment, there was no significant difference in PI, GI, PD and AL among the four groups (P> 0.05), while after 3-month treatment, the levels of PI, GI, PD and AL in the combined group were lower than those in the root planing group, periodontal curettage group and cleansing group, with both root planing group and periodontal curettage group significantly lower than cleansing group (P< 0.05). The fasting blood glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in the combined group, root planing group, periodontal curettage group and cleansing group were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in TNF- α and hs-CRP among the four groups (P> 0.05), but the levels of TNF- α and hs-CRP in the four groups decreased significantly after 3-month treatment (P< 0.05). The levels of TNF- α and hs-CRP in the combined group were lower than those in the root planing group, periodontal curettage group and cleansing group, and those in the root planing group and periodontal curettage group were significantly lower than those in the cleansing group (P< 0.05). Conclusion The combination therapy of periodontal curettage and root planing exerted beneficial effects on moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which holds the potential to maintain the level of blood glucose and improve the quality of life of the patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application value of combination therapy of periodontal curettage and root planing on moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes

Bian

Liu

2021

Head Face Med

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“…To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first North African study investigating the association between obesity and oral diseases as well as some saliva data. Table S1 exposes the inclusion/exclusion criteria and oral-health data of the different groups of participants [NWG, overweight group (OWG) and OG] of some related studies performed in Saudi Arabia, 1,6,16 India, 22,37 Poland, 38 Jordan, 39 South Korea 13 and Finland. 40…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the literature, the frequency of PD among obese adults is estimated at 79.2% (p = 0.792). 22 Assuming a 95% confidence interval (Z α/2 = 1.96) and a 10% margin of error (E), the total sample size was 63. Allowing non-response and/or exclusion rates of 47%, 16 the adjusted sample size was 63/(1-0.50) = 119 participants.…”

Section: Sample Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between obesity and oral‐health status in North African adults: A comparative study

Khemiss,

Ben Messaoud,

Hadidane

et al. 2023

Int J Dental Hygiene

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IntroductionThe strength of the association between obesity and oral health is still indecisive.ObjectiveThe objectives of the study were to compare some oral‐health data between two groups involving obese (OG) and normal weight (NWG) participants and determine the influencing factors of the periodontal probing depth (PPD).MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study including 67 Tunisian adults [OG (n = 33, body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m2), NWG (n = 34, BMI: 18.5–25.0 kg/m2)]. The plaque level was recorded using the plaque index (PI). Gingival index (GI) was used to evaluate gingival inflammation. The depths of the sulci/pockets were probed using a periodontal probe. Stimulated saliva was collected for 5 min, and salivary flow rate (SFR) was determined. Salivary baseline pH (SBpH) was measured. A multivariable regression analysis was performed between PPD and some independent variables [i.e. obesity status, age, sex, socioeconomic status, systemic diseases and PI data].ResultsThe OG and NWG were age‐ and sex‐matched and included comparable percentages of participants with systemic diseases (27.3 vs. 29.4%, respectively). The OG included a higher percentage of participants having a low socioeconomic status (87.9 vs. 64.7%, respectively). Compared with the NWG, the OG: (i) had comparable values of daily toothbrushing frequency, PI, GI and tooth mobility, (ii) included comparable percentages of irregular brushers, of participants with periodontitis, PI classes [0–1]and [1–2]; and GI classes [0–1], [1–2] and [2, 3]; (iii) had a higher PPD (2.02 ± 0.41 vs. 2.35 ± 0.22 mm, respectively), (iv) had lower SBpH (7.59 ± 0.21 vs. 7.45 ± 0.22, respectively) and SFR (1.98 ± 0.28 vs. 1.60 ± 0.32 mL/mn, respectively) and (v) included a higher percentage of participants having a PI class [2, 3] (67.6 vs. 87.9%, respectively). The multivariable regression analysis revealed that only obesity status, age and PI classes influenced the PPD, altogether explained 29.62% of the PPD variance.ConclusionObesity poses a risk for oral health, and obese adults had altered PPD and lower BSpH and SFR. Dentists should make obese patients aware of the health risks of obesity in an attempt to reduce the potential oral complications associated with this epidemic.

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“…Waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) are frequently measured and easily accessible parameters. Previous studies have shown a correlation between PD and WC and BMI (Gulati et al, 2020;Hegde et al, 2019). However, these measures might not accurately assess abdominal adiposity, as they can be influenced by subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Visceral adipose tissue increases the risk of periodontal disease: Results from the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and Mendelian randomization analysis

Qu,

Wang,

Shen

2023

J Clinic Periodontology

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AimThis study aimed to investigate the relationship and potential causal effect of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) on periodontal disease (PD). Despite prior research on this, there has been no definitive conclusion. Therefore, this study aimed to provide additional insight into these associations.Materials and MethodsThis study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2014 to examine the association between VAT and PD in a cross‐sectional study design. Various analytical methods were employed, such as multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline analysis, and p‐value for trend. Additionally, two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to evaluate the potential causal effect of VAT on PD risk. These methods enabled us to evaluate the association between VAT and PD and to establish whether VAT could be a causal factor in PD development.ResultsThe study examined a sample of 3535 participants, and the findings suggested that higher VAT levels were associated with an increased risk of PD. In addition, multivariable regression analysis conducted in six models revealed a statistically significant association between VAT and PD risk. Restricted cubic spline analysis showed an inverted U‐shaped association between VAT and PD, with a turning point at 733 g of VAT. Finally, a two‐sample MR analysis provided evidence for a potential causal relationship between VAT and PD risk, with an odds ratio of 1.16 (95% confidence interval: 1.02–1.33, p = .027) per kg increase in genetically predicted VAT.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that there is a significant association between VAT and PD and that VAT could be a potential causal factor in PD risk. Our results also suggest that although there is a potential link between VAT levels and PD risk, the effect size is modest. Therefore, interventions designed to reduce VAT levels should not be considered a primary strategy for PD risk reduction but could be one of many strategies used in a comprehensive approach to PD risk management.

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Association between obesity and its determinants with chronic periodontitis: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 20 publications

References 31 publications

Application value of combination therapy of periodontal curettage and root planing on moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes

Application value of combination therapy of periodontal curettage and root planing on moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes

The relationship between obesity and oral‐health status in North African adults: A comparative study

Visceral adipose tissue increases the risk of periodontal disease: Results from the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and Mendelian randomization analysis

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