Association between Polygenetic Risk Scores of Low Immunity and Interactions between These Scores and Moderate Fat Intake in a Large Cohort

Park, Sunmin; Kang, Suna

doi:10.3390/nu13082849

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…2 Statistical analysis using Proc mixed with sequence and treatment with adjusting for age using random sequencing. 3 Values presented means ± standard deviations. 4 Paired t-test before and after the intervention of control diet * at p < 0.05, ** at p < 0.01, and *** at p < 0.001.…”

Section: Anthropometric and Biochemical Measurements At The End Of Th...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Variable importance in projection value. 3 Statistical analysis using Proc mixed with sequence and treatment with adjusting for age using random sequencing. 4 Values presented means ± standard deviations.…”

Section: Analysis Of Serum Metabolites Via Uplc-qtof-msmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cutoffs of overweight and obesity are lower in Asians (23-25 and ≥25 kg/m 2 , respectively) than those in Caucasians (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) and ≥30 kg/m 2 , respectively) [2]. Obesity attenuates insulin signaling in various tissues to reduce energy, glucose, lipid metabolism, and immunity [3]. Therefore, obesity represents an underlying cause of various metabolic diseases, and weight loss may attenuate their symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alleviation of Dyslipidemia via a Traditional Balanced Korean Diet Represented by a Low Glycemic and Low Cholesterol Diet in Obese Women in a Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2022

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A traditional balanced Korean diet (K-diet) may improve energy, glucose, and lipid metabolism. To evaluate this, we conducted a randomized crossover clinical trial, involving participants aged 30–40 years, who were randomly assigned to two groups—a K-diet or westernized Korean control diet daily, with an estimated energy requirement (EER) of 1900 kcal. After a 4-week washout period, they switched the diet and followed it for 4 weeks. The carbohydrate, protein, and fat ratios based on energy intake were close to the target values for the K-diet (65:15:20) and control diet (60:15:25). The glycemic index of the control diet and the K-diet was 50.3 ± 3.6 and 68.1 ± 2.9, respectively, and daily cholesterol contents in the control diet and K-diet were 280 and 150 mg, respectively. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters involved in energy, glucose, and lipid metabolism were measured while plasma metabolites were determined using UPLC-QTOF-MS before and after the 4-week intervention. After the four-week intervention, both diets improved anthropometric and biochemical variables, but the K-diet significantly reduced them compared to the control diet. Serum total cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations were significantly lower in the K-diet group than in the control diet group. The waist circumference (p = 0.108) and insulin resistance index (QUICKI, p = 0.089) tended to be lower in the K-diet group than in the control diet group. Plasma metabolites indicated that participants in the K-diet group tended to reduce insulin resistance compared to those in the control diet group. Amino acids, especially branched-chain amino acids, tyrosine, tryptophan, and glutamate, and L-homocysteine concentrations were considerably lower in the K-diet group than in the control diet group (p < 0.05). Plasma glutathione concentrations, an index of antioxidant status, and 3-hydroxybutyric acid concentrations, were higher in the K-diet group than in the control diet group. In conclusion, a K-diet with adequate calories to meet EER alleviated dyslipidemia by decreasing insulin resistance-related amino acids and increasing ketones in the circulation of obese women.

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Section: Anthropometric and Biochemical Measurements At The End Of Th...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysis Of Serum Metabolites Via Uplc-qtof-msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alleviation of Dyslipidemia via a Traditional Balanced Korean Diet Represented by a Low Glycemic and Low Cholesterol Diet in Obese Women in a Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2022

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“…Consequently, this interference potentially compromises the body's ability to mount effective immune responses against pathogens and cancer cells. Additionally, CTX diminishes B-cell activity, reducing antibody production [19,20]. Assessment of immune function, crucial for understanding the impact of CTX administration, involves evaluating key immune parameters such as NK cell activity [21] and splenocyte proliferation [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine Brain Enzyme Hydrolysate Enhances Immune Function and Antioxidant Defense via Modulation of Gut Microbiota in a Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunodeficiency Model

Yue,

Yang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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This study examined how consuming porcine brain enzyme hydrolysate (PBEH) affects the immune function and composition of the gut microbiota in an immunodeficient animal model. Male Wistar rats aged 6 weeks were fed casein (control), 100 mg/kg body weight (BW), red ginseng extract (positive-control), and 6, 13, and 26 mg PBEH per kg BW (PBEH-L, PBEH-M, and PBEH-H, respectively) daily for 4 weeks. At 30 min after consuming assigned compounds, they were orally administered cyclophosphamide (CTX; 5 mg/kg BW), an immunosuppressive agent, to suppress the immune system by inhibiting the proliferation of lymphocytes. The normal-control rats were fed casein and water instead of CTX. Natural killer cell activity and splenocyte proliferation induced by 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide were lower in the control group than the normal-control group, and they significantly increased with PBEH consumption, particularly at high doses. The PBEH consumption increased dose-dependently in the Th1/Th2 ratio compared to the control. The lipid peroxide contents were lower in the PBEH group than in the control group. Moreover, PBEH m and PBEH-H consumption mitigated white pulp cell damage, reduced red pulp congestion, and increased spleen mast cells in the histological analysis. Intestinal microbiota composition demonstrated differences between the groups at the genus levels, with Akkermansia being more abundant in the control group than the normal-control group and the PBEH-H group showing a decrease. However, Bifidobacterium decreased in the control group but increased in the PBEH-H group. The β-diversity revealed distinct microbial communities of PBEH and positive-control groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The metagenome predictions revealed that PBEH-H influenced amino acid metabolism, antioxidant defense, insulin sensitivity, and longevity pathways. In conclusion, PBEH-H intake boosted immune responses and reduced lipid peroxides by modulating gut microbiota composition. These findings suggest that PBEH-H has the potential as a dietary supplement for improving immune function and gut health in individuals with immunodeficiency.

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“…Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood, and genotypes were determined using the Affymetrix Korean Chip (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA), made available for scientific studies (20) . This chip has been previously used to study Korean genetic variants and included disease-related SNP (21) .…”

Section: Genotyping and Quality Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of polygenetic variants related to inflammation with carbohydrate and vitamin D intakes in middle-aged and older adults in a large hospital-based cohort

Park

Kang

2022

Br J Nutr

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Low-grade subclinical inflammation is interrelated with metabolic diseases, and its susceptibility interacts with genetic and environmental factors. We aimed to examine genetic variants related to a high risk for inflammation using serum C-reactive protein(CRP) concentration, interactions among the genetic variants, and the genetic variant interaction with dietary and lifestyle factors in adults. The participants were divided into case and control by serum CRP concentrations: ≥0.5 mg/dL(case; n=2,018) and <0.5 mg/dL(control; n=47,185). Genetic variants contributing to high inflammation risk were selected using GWAS after adjusting covariates to influence inflammation, and genetic variant-genetic variant interactions were identified by generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis. Polygenetic-risk scores(PRS) were constructed from the selected genetic variants, and PRS-nutrient interactions for the high inflammation risk were determined. The PRS included CRP_rs1205, OASL_rs3213545, APOE_rs429358, HNF1A_rs1169286, APOC1_rs7256200, and SLC13A3_rs424697. The PRS was positively associated with serum CRP concentration by 2.0 times after adjusting for covariates. The PRS interacted with age: Older participants with High-PRS had much higher serum CRP concentrations than those with Low-PRS. Intake of carbohydrates, monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA), and vitamin D exhibited an interaction with PRS for inflammation risk(P<0.05). In participants with high-carbohydrate/low-fat diets and low vitamin D intakes, those with High-PRS had a higher risk of serum CRP concentrations than those with Low-PRS. In conclusion, the participants with inflammation-related PRS potentially worsened inflammation status, especially in diets with high carbohydrates, low fat (especially MUFA), and low vitamin D. These results can be applied to personalized nutrition to reduce inflammation risk.

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Association between Polygenetic Risk Scores of Low Immunity and Interactions between These Scores and Moderate Fat Intake in a Large Cohort

Cited by 7 publications

References 43 publications

Alleviation of Dyslipidemia via a Traditional Balanced Korean Diet Represented by a Low Glycemic and Low Cholesterol Diet in Obese Women in a Randomized Controlled Trial

Alleviation of Dyslipidemia via a Traditional Balanced Korean Diet Represented by a Low Glycemic and Low Cholesterol Diet in Obese Women in a Randomized Controlled Trial

Porcine Brain Enzyme Hydrolysate Enhances Immune Function and Antioxidant Defense via Modulation of Gut Microbiota in a Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunodeficiency Model

Interaction of polygenetic variants related to inflammation with carbohydrate and vitamin D intakes in middle-aged and older adults in a large hospital-based cohort

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