Association Between Psychiatric Disorders and the Progression of Tobacco Use Behaviors

Risk factors associated with mental health issues in adolescents: a integrative review

“…Studies developed in England and in the United States based in clinical criteria to psychiatric problems diagnosis in adolescents showed the psychosocial dysfunction associated with use of drugs. The most present psychiatric disorders were anxiety, depression, conduct problems and hyperactivity or attention deficit (74)(75)(76) .…”

“…The literature shows that mental health issues determine the use of drugs (77) while other studies show the opposite relationship (78) . National cohort studies associate the adolescents psychopathologies to the use of substances (tobacco and alcohol) (76,(79)(80) . However, to determine the existence or not of an association between psychiatric problems in adolescents and drugs use, it is necessary randomized clinical trials that observe adolescents that do not present both diagnosis (use of drugs and psychiatric problems).…”

Problemas de saúde mental e tabagismo em adolescentes do sul do Brasil

“…20 Studies conducted in the United States and in the United Kingdom have shown an association between smoking and specifi c psychiatric disorders like anxiety, depression, conduct and hyperactivity/inattention problems. 1,2,5 These studies used several instruments or questionnaires based on clinical criteria to make the diagnosis of these psychiatric problems in adolescents.…”

“…11 Cohort studies have shown that psychopathology is an important predictor of smoking in adolescents. 3,5,21 The exact mechanism of the co-morbidity between smoking and psychiatric disorders is not known, but it might be explained by the combination of one or more of the following factors: opportunity, self-medication, vulnerability (familial/genetic or environmental) and neurobiological alterations that are common to psychiatric disorders and smoking. 22 Nicotine can act to alleviate the symptoms, like attention enhancement, in individuals with inattention and hyperactivity.…”

“…19 Cohort studies show that psychopathology precedes the development of smoking in adolescents. 3,5,21 Conduct disorders, 3 attention defi cit/hyperactivity disorders 10 and delinquent behavior are the problems that are most frequently associated with smoking. 7 However, the association between mental problems and use of tobacco remains inconclusive in the literature, due to the fact that few studies have been carried out about this subject, the majority of which are schoolbased, with different age groups and with distinct criteria for the defi nition of mental problems.…”