Association between Salivary Fructosamine, Plasma Glycated Hemoglobin, and Plasma Glucose Levels among Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Nondiabetic Individuals—A Cross-sectional Study

Kandavel, Sadhana; Kumar, Pratyush

doi:10.1055/s-0039-1692018

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This biomarker can also be detected in saliva being significantly higher in T2D and having a positive correlation with fasting, postprandial plasma glucose, and HbA1c levels [277] . Because its measurement does not require fasting, the use of fructosamine is convenient and cost-effective [278]. Furthermore, fructosamine may be a valuable indicator to assess risk for T2D independent of baseline fasting glucose and HbA1c measurements in individuals without diabetes [279,280].…”

Section: Fructosaminementioning

confidence: 99%

Review of methods for detecting glycemic disorders

Bergman

Abdul‐Ghani

Manco

et al. 2020

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

134

101

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Highlights A 1-hour plasma glucose (1-h PG) threshold >155 mg/dl (8.6 mmol/L) during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) may be a suitable biomarker for identifying normal glucose tolerant (NGT) individuals at risk for future type 2 diabetes (T2D). A one-hour, non-fasting, 50g Glucose Challenge Test (GCT) performed during a routine health care visit has potential for practical screening of glucose disorders. The shape of the glucose curve reflects the cumulative effect of insulin sensitivity and response on glucose concentrations with prospective studies warranted to evaluate its prognostic utility. The continuous glucose monitor (CGM) has facilitated insight into the pathophysiology of prediabetes and phenotypes of T2D and holds promise for detecting glycemic disorders. Metabolomic profiling including amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates and other metabolites may be useful for early diagnosis of glycemic disorders. Non-classical markers for assessing glycemic disorders including fructosamine, glycated albumin, and 1,5-anhydroglucitol that evaluate shorter periods of glucose exposure than HbA1c have potential use as adjunctive tools.

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Section: Fructosaminementioning

confidence: 99%

Review of methods for detecting glycemic disorders

Bergman

Abdul‐Ghani

Manco

et al. 2020

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

134

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Salivary fructosamine levels correlated positively with HbA 1c , but the correlation was statistically insignificant and nonreflective of the disease state. Kandavel and Kumar (2019) evaluated the association between salivary fructosamine and plasma glycated hemoglobin, plasma fasting glucose, and postprandial glucose among patients with type 2 DM ( n = 50) and healthy individuals without diabetes ( n = 50). Patients with DM, particularly females, had higher levels of salivary fructosamine, plasma fasting and postprandial glucose, and plasma glycated hemoglobin compared to nondiabetic individuals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Fructosamine as a Noninvasive Glycemic Biomarker: A Systematic Review

Khoury

Illesca

Sultan

2020

JDR Clinical & Translational Research

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Background: Standard diagnostic and monitoring methods for glycemic status involve invasive sample collection through venous puncture or fingerstick. Recent attention has been focused on exploring noninvasive methods through oral biofluids. Specifically, serum fructosamine has been established as a short-term (2- to 3-wk) marker of disease status in patients with diabetes. Fructosamine measured through noninvasive means such as saliva has shown promise, but its clinical applicability is unknown. Objective: Evaluate the available evidence on using salivary fructosamine as a reliable noninvasive marker to screen and diagnose patients with diabetes mellitus in the clinical setting. A comparative analysis of the correlative accuracy of salivary fructosamine measurements with established blood glycemic biomarkers such as serum fructosamine, blood glucose, and HbA1c will be conducted. Methods: Six electronic databases (PubMed, PubMed Central, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Library) were searched for original research papers (clinical and animal studies) that were relevant to the objective of this systematic review. The search was initiated on May 28, 2020. The systematic review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Bias risk assessment, overall quality, and level of evidence were based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies, and Collaborative Approach to Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies tool. Heterogeneity was assessed using the National Institutes of Health quality assessment tool for cross-sectional studies. Results: A total of 174 records were identified. Full-text articles screened for eligibility (n = 21) identified only 6 original research articles relevant to the research question and were thus included in the systematic review. The types of studies identified were cross-sectional and in vivo studies. Three studies (3/6) showed positive correlation of salivary fructosamine with blood glucose levels, while 1 study (1/6) demonstrated a positive correlation with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Limitations related to sample size and selection were identified along with a fair level of interstudy heterogeneity. Conclusion: Based on the evidence evaluated, the utility of salivary fructosamine as a noninvasive marker to screen and diagnose patients with diabetes is doubtful. The overall level of evidence was low (IIIB) and the risk of bias was determined to be high. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Further evidence in the form of large-scale well-controlled studies is needed prior to recommending salivary fructosamine as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for glycemic status in patients with diabetes mellitus.

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