Association between smoking and deaths due to colorectal malignant carcinoma: a national population-based case–control study in China

Hou, Lei; Jiang, Jingmei; Liu, B; Nasca, Philip C.; Wu, Yanping; Zou, Xin; Han, Wei; Zhang, B; Xue, Fang; Pang, Haiyu; Li, J

doi:10.1038/bjc.2014.9

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Controls were randomly frequency-matched to cases based on a 1:1 ratio for each case, according to gender and 10-year age spans from 30 to over 80 years old. Finally, a total of 16 205 cases and 16 205 controls, from the northern coastal China, the northern inland China, the southern coastal China, and the southern inland China according to a traditional classification of zones (see our previous publication 27 ), were included in the analysis. We also defined two diagnostic levels, the level 1 based on autopsy, histological test, surgical operation, or clinical assessment, including imaging or substantial laboratory tests in secondary or tertiary hospitals and the level 2 based on other diagnostic evidence.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive smoking and stroke in men and women: a national population-based case-control study in China

Hou

Han

Jiang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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An association between passive smoking and stroke is unclear in China, particularly the association with hemorrhagic stroke. This study included 16205 deaths due to stroke aged ≥30 years and 16205 non-stroke controls randomly selected and frequency-matched to cases on gender and age. Smoking of spouses, defined as ≥1 cigarette per day for up to 1 year, was taken as a measure of exposure to passive smoking of subjects that was retrospectively ascertained by interviewing surviving spouses. After adjustment for variables, passive smoking increased the risk of death by 10% (odds ratio (OR), 1.10; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05–1.16) for all strokes, by 10% (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04–1.16) for hemorrhagic stroke, and by 12% (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.03–1.23) for ischemic stroke, compared with non-exposure. This finding was highly consistent in men or women and in smokers or non-smokers, and was generally consistent among zones of China despite geographic diversity. The risk significantly increased with exposure-years and quantity of cigarettes smoked daily by spouses. This study indicated that passive smoking is associated with deaths from all-type strokes. It is highly advisable for the government to promote strong tobacco prevention and cessation programs and smoke-free environments.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive smoking and stroke in men and women: a national population-based case-control study in China

Hou

Han

Jiang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…Tobacco smoking is a well-known risk factor for many diseases, including colorectal adenomas [1,2] and colorectal cancer (CRC) [3][4][5][6][7][8]. In addition, it has been associated with increased overall [9,10] as well as CRC-specific mortality [3,11,12] in previously cancer-free individuals. With improvements in cancer therapy and a growing number of cancer survivors, it becomes increasingly important to also evaluate smoking behavior in association with prognosis among already diagnosed CRC patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of prediagnostic smoking and smoking cessation on colorectal cancer prognosis: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from cohorts within the CHANCES consortium

et al. 2018

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In this large meta-analysis including primary data of incident CRC patients from 14 prospective cohort studies on the association between smoking and CRC prognosis, former and current smoking were associated with poorer CRC prognosis compared with never smoking. Smoking cessation was associated with improved survival when compared with current smokers. Future studies should further quantify the benefits of nonsmoking, both for cancer prevention and for improving survival among CRC patients, in particular also in terms of treatment response.

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“…It is showed that the current smoking prevalence decreased mildly from 33.88% in 1984 to 28.1% in 2010 for adults aged 15 years or older in the 4 national smoking surveys in China. [ 3 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of the association between smoking status and severity of coronary stenosis by vitamin D in patients suspected of coronary heart disease

Yang

Wang

et al. 2016

Medicine

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Given both smoking and vitamin D are associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) via inflammation and smoking may interfere with the local antiinflammatory effects of vitamin D. We hypothesized that the relationship between smoking and severity of CHD may be modified by vitamin D.A cross-sectional study was conducted. 25-OH vitamin D values were determined in 348 consecutive patients (mean age 62.4 ± 10.5 years; 56.3% male) undergoing coronary angiography at the Heart Center of Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University between the period of September 2014 and May 2015. We categorized the patients into 2 groups based on 25-OH vitamin D levels, that is, severe hypovitaminosis D (25-OH vitamin D < 10 ng/mL) and higher vitamin D (25-OH vitamin D > = 10 ng/mL). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of severe coronary stenosis or higher Gensini score across three smoking status, that is, never smokers, former smokers, and current smokers in severe hypovitaminosis D and higher vitamin D groups, respectively.Of these patients, we identified 212 (60.9%) cases of severe CHD and 161 (46.3%) cases of severe hypovitaminosis D. Multivariable logistic regression model showed the ORs of severe CHD were 1.94 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.47, 7.98) for former smokers and 2.62 (95% CI: 0.83, 8.24) for current smokers, compared with never smokers in group with severe hypovitaminosis D (P-trend = 0.005). In contrast, smoking was not found to be significantly associated with severe CHD in group with higher 25-OH vitamin D (P-trend = 0.115). We found a significant interaction between smoking status and vitamin D on presence of severe CHD (P-interaction = 0.015). In terms of Gensini score as a dependent variable, similar results were identified.Our finding indicated the association between smoking and severity of CHD appeared to be substantially stronger among patients with severe hypovitaminosis D as compared with those with higher vitamin D levels. This suggests vitamin D sufficiency may have a protective effect against the damaging effects of smoking on coronary artery. Future cohort studies are warranted to confirm this finding.

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Association between smoking and deaths due to colorectal malignant carcinoma: a national population-based case–control study in China

Cited by 19 publications

References 26 publications

Passive smoking and stroke in men and women: a national population-based case-control study in China

Passive smoking and stroke in men and women: a national population-based case-control study in China

Impact of prediagnostic smoking and smoking cessation on colorectal cancer prognosis: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from cohorts within the CHANCES consortium

Modification of the association between smoking status and severity of coronary stenosis by vitamin D in patients suspected of coronary heart disease

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