Association between Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Incident Hypertension in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) has been found to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, there is no clear consensus on the relationship between SCH and hypertension (HTN). We sought to investigate the association between SCH and incident HTN in women. MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for studies that reported the incidence of HTN in females with SCH versus without SCH. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the outcome were obtained using a random-effects model. Studies were also divided into the middle-aged (mean age < 65) and the older (mean age ≥ 65) subgroups, and a subgroup analysis was performed to examine the potential age-effect on the association between SCH and HTN. Nine studies with a total of 21,972 subjects met the inclusion criteria. SCH was found to be positively associated with HTN (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.02–1.71). Such association varied depending on the age of women. In the middle-aged subgroup, SCH was more positively associated with HTN (OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.18–2.27), while there was no significant association in the older subgroup (OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.80–1.16). Our study showed that the middle-aged females with SCH had an increased risk of HTN, while there was no significant association in the older females with SCH.

Thyroid-related Hormones and Hypertension Incidence in Middle-Aged and Older Hispanic/Latino Adults: The HCHS/SOL Study

“…Positive cross-sectional associations were reported for indices of pituitary sensitivity to thyroid hormones with BP, but the analysis by Yang et al was not stratified by sex ( 33 ). In addition, some studies have shown associations of hypothyroidism with DBP ( 68-71 ), particularly in women ( 72 ), while hyperthyroidism was associated with SBP ( 27 ). The present study could not examine associations of thyroid-related hormones with isolated systolic and diastolic hypertension because of the limited sample size.…”

Incidencia de síndrome metabólico en pacientes con hipotiroidismo subclínico, Enero 2019 Julio 2022 en Ciudad Juárez

“…Con respecto a la tensión arterial y los efectos cardiovasculares, encontramos en nuestro estudio, por medio del valor de Fisher, un riesgo aumentado de presentar mayores complicaciones con respecto a la media estudiada en otro protocolo realizado por el national health and nutrition examination survey; se estudiaron mediante análisis de percentiles, para estimar los riesgos, encontrándose aumento en todas las causas asociadas a hipotiroidismo IC95%, coincidiendo con los resultado obtenidos (23). En cuanto a las cifras de tensión arterial aumentada con respecto a la media de los pacientes con diagnóstico único de hipotiroidismo subclínico sobre los que coexisten con síndrome metabólico, se encuentra que existe una asociación positiva de la aparición de hipertensión arterial en los pacientes, esto contrastándolo con un metaanálisis realizado en 2021, IC 95% (24). Un factor importante encontrado que no se excluye en nuestro protocolo fue la relación de síndrome de ovario poliquístico e hipotiroidismo subclínico en la mujer.…”

The Impact of Subclinical Hypothyroidism on Lipid Profile in Jeddah

“…However, only LDL reached a pathological level. The association between hypothyroidism and dyslipidemia is widely studied in literature [25][26][27]. A newly published meta-analysis showed a signi cant association between hypothyroidism and altered lipid pro le in the adult population [28].…”