Association between the Healthy Eating Index and bone turnover markers in US postmenopausal women aged ≥45 y

Abstract

Background: Some studies have reported that overall diet quality affects bone status in postmenopausal women; however, the findings are inconsistent. Objectives: Our primary objective was to examine the association between overall diet quality and bone turnover markers (BTMs) in postmenopausal women aged 45 y by using the Healthy Eating Index 2005 (HEI-2005)-a diet quality-assessment tool-developed by the US Department of Agriculture. Our secondary objective was to explore the associations between the components of the HEI-2005 and the MyPyramid food groups and BTMs. Design: We used cross-sectional data from NHANES 1999NHANES -2002. Multiple regression models with adjustments for relevant confounders were used to examine the relation between the total HEI-2005 score and its components and food groups and serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), a biomarker of bone formation, and urinary N-telopeptides/creatinine (uNTx/Cr), a biomarker of bone resorption. Results: No association was found between the total HEI-2005 score and BTMs. The milk group component of HEI-2005 had a significant negative linear relation with uNTx/Cr. Women in the lowest tertile of the MyPyramid milk group had the highest uNTx/Cr. Those in the highest tertile of energy-adjusted added sugar intake had the highest BAP. Conclusions: Our results support the ability of a healthy diet with adequate dairy intake to promote bone health in aging women. However, we found that the HEI-2005 is not a good measure of healthy eating for optimal bone health. Further research is needed to develop an overall dietary assessment tool in relation to bone health for postmenopausal women.

Diet quality in a sample of adults from Cuiabá (MT), Brazil: association with sociodemographic factors

“…The intake of whole fruits, total fruits, total vegetables, dark green and orange vegetables and legumes was high, contrary to literature data [26][27][28] . It is possible that the use of a FFQ to collect dietary data contributed to the overestimated consumption of these items.…”

“…The mean Brazilian Healthy Eating IndexRevised scores found by the present study, 74.2 for men and 76.1 for women, was greater than those found for North American adults, which varied from 52.6 to 65.4 points 26,27 . In a study conducted by Pires 28 with 204 individuals from both genders and aged 18 to 79 years participating in a population-based study in the municipality of São Paulo, the mean BHEI-R was 64.0 points for men and 65.4 points for women.…”

Current Evidence on the Association of Dietary Patterns and Bone Health: A Scoping Review

“…Thirty-two of these articles used the data-driven dietary pattern method, and 20 of them (14,19,34,(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61) used an a priori dietary pattern approach. Three articles (14,19,34) assessed both dietary pattern approaches in association with bone.…”

“…included urinary deoxypyridinoline (61), free pyridinoline: creatinine and free deoxypyridinoline:creatinine ratios (17), serum C-terminal telopeptide (26), and urinary N-telopeptide:creatinine ratio (52). The bone formation biomarker included serum N-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen (17) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (26,52,61).…”

“…The bone formation biomarker included serum N-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen (17) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (26,52,61).…”