Association between the socioeconomic determinants and soil-transmitted helminthiasis among school-going children in a rural area of Haryana

Dhaka, Rohit; Verma, Ramesh; Parmar, Aparna; Chayal, Vinod; Kalhan, Meenakshi; Bhalla, Kapil; Chawla, Suraj; Agrawal, Ginni; Kumar, Gopal; Sachdeva, Ashuma

doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_383_20

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…The social determinants obtained are similar to those described by Elfu Feleke [ 43 ], Dhaka et al [ 44 ], and Tiruneh et al [ 45 ]. Hookworms are associated with the urban-marginal and rural sectors of underdeveloped tropical countries with low socioeconomic and educational levels, which is why the WHO classifies them as neglected parasitoses [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Ecoepidemiology of Ancylostoma spp. in Urban-Marginal and Rural Sectors of the Ecuadorian Coast and Prevalence of Cutaneous Larvae Migrans

Coello Peralta,

Pazmiño Gómez,

Salazar Mazamba

et al. 2024

Med Sci Monit

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Background Ancylostoma spp. , including A. duodenale, A. braziliense, A. caninum, and A. ceylanicum, are hookworms that are transmitted from infected soil and by contact with domestic animals and rodent hosts, and can cause systemic disease and cutaneous larva migrans. The objective of this study was to describe the ecoepidemiology of Ancylostoma caninum and Ancylostoma spp. in urban-marginal sectors and in rural sectors located in Ecuador. Material/Methods Through addressed sampling, a total of 498 domestic dogs and 40 synanthropic rodents were analyzed via the following coproparasitic methods: direct, flotation, sedimentation with centrifugation using saline (egg identification), modified Baermann (larval identification), and morphometric methods (confirmation). A total of 236 people were surveyed, and a clinical analysis was performed via physical examination. The environmental variables were obtained through reports from the INAMHI of Ecuador and the use of online environmental programs. Through surveys, data related to social determinants were obtained. Epidemiological indicators (prevalence, morbidity, and mortality) were obtained through microbial analysis and surveys. Results A total of 250 domestic dogs were diagnosed with Ancylostoma caninum (50, 20%), and 41 were diagnosed with Ancylostoma spp. (8.23%). One synanthropic rodent (2.5%) was positive for A. caninum . In the clinical analysis, 3 patients were identified as positive (1.27%) for cutaneous larva migrans (CLM). Likewise, environmental variables and social determinants influence the transmission, prevalence, and nature of parasitism by hookworm. Conclusions People, domestic dogs, and rodents were infected with these parasites. Consequently, there is a risk of ancylostomiasis and cutaneous larvae migrans spreading.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Ecoepidemiology of Ancylostoma spp. in Urban-Marginal and Rural Sectors of the Ecuadorian Coast and Prevalence of Cutaneous Larvae Migrans

Coello Peralta,

Pazmiño Gómez,

Salazar Mazamba

et al. 2024

Med Sci Monit

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Soil-Transmitted Helminthic Infections in the Pediatric Population in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

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Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) is a major healthcare challenge in the pediatric age group affecting poor and deprived parts of our community. The main species that infect people are roundworm (AL, Ascaris lumbricoides), whipworm (TT, Trichuris trichiura), and hookworms (HW, Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus). We aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of STH infections in India in the pediatric age group (< 18 years) and assess the risk factors associated with STH in this age group. Three databases were searched (PubMed, Scopus, and Embase) up to February 16, 2021 with deliberate and inclusive search terms for original research articles estimating the prevalence of either of the three STH in India. Data extracted included individual prevalence of the three STH, prevalence of double or triple infections, and associated risk factors.We identified systematically 1,408 publications, of which 44 were included for the final analysis, including studies from 20 states covering 34,590 children. In our study, the prevalence of AL ranged from 0.8 to 91% with a pooled prevalence of 25%, prevalence of TT ranged from 0.3 to 72% with a pooled prevalence of 13%, and for HW prevalence ranged from 0.2 to 80% with pooled prevalence of 10%. Two most important risk factors with higher odds ratio were open defecation practices or open latrine (odds ratio: 5.2) and washing hands without soap using water only (odds ratio: 2.49). Knowledge of areas with high prevalence of STH and associated risk factors would help in designing effective control strategies in the high-risk groups to prevent infection and aid in a drastic reduction of morbidity in children.

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A study protocol for a multi-country cluster randomized controlled trial of the impact of a multi-component One Health strategy to eliminate Opisthorchis viverrini and soil transmitted helminths in the Lower Mekong Basin

Mationg,

Clements,

Williams

et al. 2024

Trials

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Background Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) and soil-transmitted helminths (STH) are two of the most common helminths contributing to the Neglected Tropical Disease (NTDs) burden in the Lower Mekong Basin. Although mass drug administration is the cornerstone of control programs to reduce morbidity caused by these infections, this approach has limitations in preventing re-infections. Elimination requires additional measures such as reservoir host treatment, improved hygiene and health education to reinforce MDA's impact. This study aims to examine the impact of a scalable multi-component One Health Helminth Elimination program in the Lower Mekong Basin (HELM) that combines human praziquantel (PZQ) and albendazole (ALB) treatment with a program that includes the “ Magic Glasses ” and the “ Lawa Model ” interventions with health promotion at their core. Methods This study will employ a cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) in 18 rural communities (with sub-district or villages as cluster units) across Cambodia, Laos and Thailand. The control arm will receive one round of PZQ/ALB treatment, while in the intervention arm, multi-component HELM program will be implemented, which includes PZQ/ALB treatment together with the Magic Glasses and Lawa Model interventions. OV and STH infections levels will be evaluated in individuals aged 5–75 years at baseline and will be repeated at follow-up (12 months after the HELM intervention), using modified formalin ethyl-acetate concentration technique and quantitative PCR. The primary outcome of the study will be cumulative incidence of human OV and STH infections. Outcomes between the study arms will be compared using generalized linear mixed models, accounting for clustering. Discussion Evidence from this trial will quantify the impact of a multi-component One Health control strategy in interrupting Ov and STH infections in the Lower Mekong Basin. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12622000353796. Prospectively registered 28 February 2022. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-024-08616-6.

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Association between the socioeconomic determinants and soil-transmitted helminthiasis among school-going children in a rural area of Haryana

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Ecoepidemiology of Ancylostoma spp. in Urban-Marginal and Rural Sectors of the Ecuadorian Coast and Prevalence of Cutaneous Larvae Migrans

Ecoepidemiology of Ancylostoma spp. in Urban-Marginal and Rural Sectors of the Ecuadorian Coast and Prevalence of Cutaneous Larvae Migrans

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Soil-Transmitted Helminthic Infections in the Pediatric Population in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

A study protocol for a multi-country cluster randomized controlled trial of the impact of a multi-component One Health strategy to eliminate Opisthorchis viverrini and soil transmitted helminths in the Lower Mekong Basin

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