Association between Traffic Air Pollution and Reduced Forced Vital Capacity: A Study Using Personal Monitors for Outdoor Workers

Abstract

BackgroundThe effects of outdoor air pollution on lung function in adults are still controversial.ObjectiveEvaluate the effects of exposure to different levels of traffic-generated PM2.5 on workers’ lung functions in São Paulo, Brazil.MethodsTo cover a wide range of exposures, 101 non-smoking workers from three occupations (taxi drivers, traffic controllers, and forest rangers) were selected for the study. After clinical evaluation, the participants were scheduled to attend four consecutive weekly visits in which they received a 24-hour personal PM2.5 sampler and had lung function tests measured on the following day. The association between the spirometric variables and the averaged PM2.5 levels was assessed using robust regression models adjusted for age, waist circumference, time at the job, daily work hours, diabetes or hypertension and former smoking habits.ResultsRelative to workers in the lowest exposed group (all measures < 25 μg/m3), those with the highest level of exposure (all measures > 39.6 μg/m3) showed a reduction of predicted FVC (-12.2%; CI 95%: [-20.0% to -4.4%]), a marginal reduction of predicted FEV1 (-9.1%; CI 95%: [-19.1% to 0.9%]) and an increase of predicted FEF25-75%/FVC (14.9%; CI 95%: [2.9% to 26.8%]) without changes of FEV1/FVC.ConclusionsExposure to vehicular traffic air pollution is associated with a small but significant reduction of FVC without a reduction of FEV1/FVC.

Air Pollution and Public Health: A PRISMA-Compliant Systematic Review

“…Both mercury and lead, along with manganese, had positive associations with residence in a multivariate analysis. These findings could be related to the presence of the industrial area of Taranto, which, in 2009, emitted 38 tons of lead and 510 kg of mercury into the atmosphere [65]. Further studies are needed to confirm these data and to precisely determine the route of exposure.…”

Faktor Individu, Paparan Debu, dan CO dengan Gambaran Faal Paru Petugas SPBU

“…Tercatat 3,8 juta kematian di kawasan Timur Tengah dan Asia Tenggara dimana 567.000 kasus kematian diantaranya disebabkan oleh penyakit pernapasan dan kanker yang diakibatkan oleh paparan partikel halus (PM 2,5 ). Menurut hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di Sao Pualo, Brazil tentang hubungan antara polusi lalu lintas dengan kapasitas vital paru menunjukkan bahwa pekerja dengan paparan PM 2,5 lebih dari 36,6 μg/m 3 menunjukkan penurunan kapasitas vital paru dengan p value sebesar 0,076 (Santos, 2016).…”

Diagnóstico em regressão L1

“…Nesta aplicação reanalisaremos os dados sobre poluição apresentados por Santos et al (2016) por meio da regressão L 1 . O objetivo desta análise de dados é mensurar os efeitos de diversas covariáveis em algumas medidas espirométricas, isto é, temos várias variáveis resposta e portanto faremos um modelo para uma dessas variáveis resposta para ilustrar os métodos propostos nos capítulos anteriores Antes de prosseguirmos a análise dos dados esclareceremos os significados dos termos utilizados, uma vez que estes termos são todos técnicos.…”

“…O objetivo principal da análise do conjunto de dados de Santos et al (2016) é verificar o efeito da exposição a PM 2,5 nas medidas espirométricas apresentadas anteriormente. Com os termos técnicos já definidos podemos seguir para a análise dos dados.…”

“…Analisaremos o conjunto de dados sobre poluição, que foi apresentado por Santos et al (2016), ajustando um modelo de regressão L 1 para a variável resposta Capacidade vital forçada (CVF), que é uma das medidas espirométricas discutidas na subseção anterior.…”